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'Bruised Heel'

Discussion in 'Biomechanics, Sports and Foot orthoses' started by markjohconley, Jan 4, 2018.

  1. markjohconley

    markjohconley Well-Known Member


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    http://www.theroar.com.au/2018/01/05/playing-unfit-starc-big-mistake/

    Australia are down four of their six top pace bowlers including the 'best' Mitchell Starc with a 'bruised heel'.
    Gait re-training is out.
    I am unaware of Cricket Australia utilising a podiatrist within their rehab staff.
    What would you do to lessen the impact on a fast bowler's delivery stride?
     
  2. markjohconley

    markjohconley Well-Known Member

    I watched the delivery action of both Mitchell Starc and Pat Cummins (Starc slightly quicker delivery at ~ 150 kph) and it was very noticeable how much Starc is a rearfoot contact on delivery v Cummins who appeared to be a rear and mid foot contact. No wonder Starc has the 'bruised heel'.

    Finally i found the cure, PRAYER by a television evangelical twat; and please i'm not going religion, don't believe it of course but these lepers are just that ..
     
  3. Craig Payne

    Craig Payne Moderator

    Articles:
    8
  4. They do use a Pod Mark. Someone from S.A. did some stuff I read some time recently.

    I would do much to lessen the impact. But would be all about getting the bowler up to being able to tolerate loads and keeping them there. Ie always within their pathological window.

    Back issues a whoe different biomechanics issue
     
  5. markjohconley

    markjohconley Well-Known Member

    Yes, the force generated through the talus must produce much greater forefoot dorsiflexory moments than in a running stride.
    Unfortunately I can not re-find Starc's side on action but found a similar action in this video. full heel contact
     
  6. markjohconley

    markjohconley Well-Known Member

    What happened to the SACH footwear modification?

    Thanks Mike
     
  7. No idea Mark
    Ps my phone auto corrected my sentence.

    Should read I wouldn't do much.

    I would assume you would just end up in metatarsal stress fracture Hell if you tried reducing stress on the heel
     
  8. markjohconley

    markjohconley Well-Known Member

    thanks mike

    If a design feature was included that increased forefoot plantarflexion moments (and simultaneously increased rearfoot dorsiflexion moments) would that ameliorate the bending moments of the metatarsal shafts / neck?
    Combine with a Solid Ankle Cushioned Heel (SACH) footwear modification of material of sufficient durometer such that 'bottoming out' would not occur would that reduce the incidence of 'bruised heels' and metatarsal stress fractures?
    mark
     
  9. But then where does all the GRF go? Where it affects gets moved. So imho training loads combined with the odd "bruised" heel might be the lesser issue
     
  10. markjohconley

    markjohconley Well-Known Member

    Mike, is " ... gets moved " the same as ' stops / reduces how much it is moved'?, and would this necessarily put the tissues out of their stress zone limits, thanks
     
  11. No not the same. GRF doesn't disappear it gets moved. I have read any research oo shock absorption in shoes in ages.

    But for force there is an equal and opposite reaction how much is lost in heat? And as we talked about in the leg stiffness threads a softer shoe all things being equal would mean decreased knee and hips flexion.

    Maybe a carbon spring shoe might be an answer but then would the biomechanical changes higher up in the chain lead to break down? You wouldn't know until it broke
     
    Last edited: Jan 10, 2018
  12. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/2744671/

    Shock absorbency of factors in the shoe/heel interaction--with special focus on role of the heel pad.

    Jørgensen U, et al. Foot Ankle. 1989.
    Show full citation
    Abstract

    The heel pad acts as a shock absorber in walking and in heel-strike running. In some patients, a reduction of its shock-absorbing capacity has been connected to the development of overuse injuries. In this article, the shock absorption of the heel pad as well as external shock absorbers are studied. Individual variation and the effect of trauma and confinement on the heel pad were specifically investigated. Drop tests, imitating heel impacts, were performed on a force plate. The test specimens were cadaver heel pads (n = 10); the shoe sole component consisted of ethyl vinyl acetate (EVA) foam and Sorbothane inserts. The shock absorption was significantly greater in the heel pad than in the external shock absorbers. The mean heel pad shock absorption was 1.1 times for EVA foam and 2.1 times for Sorbothane. The shock absorption varied by as much as 100% between heel pads. Trauma caused a decrease in the heel pad shock absorbency (24%), whereas heel pad confinement increased the shock absorbency (49% in traumatized heel pads and 29.5% in nontraumatized heel pads). These findings provide a biomechanical rationale for the clinical observations of a correlation between heel pad shock absorbency loss and heel strike-dependent overuse injuries. To increase shock absorbency, confinement of the heel pad should be attempted in vivo.
     


  13. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3737977/

    Ground Reaction Force Differences Between Running Shoes, Racing Flats, and Distance Spikes in Runners.


    Suzanna Logan, Ian Hunter, [...], and Allen C. Parcell
    Additional article information
    Abstract

    Various shoes are worn by distance runners throughout a training season. This study measured the differences in ground reaction forces between running shoes, racing flats, and distance spikes in order to provide information about the potential effects of footwear on injury risk in highly competitive runners. Ten male and ten female intercollegiate distance runners ran across a force plate at 6.7 m·s-1 (for males) and 5.7 m·s-1 (for females) in each of the three types of shoes. To control for differences in foot strike, only subjects who exhibited a heel strike were included in the data analysis. Two repeated-measures ANOVAs with Tukey’s post-hoc tests (p < 0.05) were used to detect differences in shoe types among males and females. For the males, loading rate, peak vertical impact force and peak braking forces were significantly greater in flats and spikes compared to running shoes. Vertical stiffness in spikes was also significantly greater than in running shoes. Females had significantly shorter stance times and greater maximum propulsion forces in racing flats compared to running shoes. Changing footwear between the shoes used in this study alters the loads placed on the body. Care should be taken as athletes enter different phases of training where different footwear is required. Injury risk may be increased since the body may not be accustomed to the differences in force, stance time, and vertical stiffness.
     


  14. http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0125196

    Increased Vertical Impact Forces and Altered Running Mechanics with Softer Midsole Shoes


    Jennifer Baltich, Christian Maurer, Benno M. Nigg
    • Abstract
      To date it has been thought that shoe midsole hardness does not affect vertical impact peak forces during running. This conclusion is based partially on results from experimental data using homogeneous samples of participants that found no difference in vertical impact peaks when running in shoes with different midsole properties. However, it is currently unknown how apparent joint stiffness is affected by shoe midsole hardness. An increase in apparent joint stiffness could result in a harder landing, which should result in increased vertical impact peaks during running. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of shoe midsole hardness on apparent ankle and knee joint stiffness and the associated vertical ground reaction force for age and sex subgroups during heel-toe running. 93 runners (male and female) aged 16-75 years ran at 3.33 ± 0.15 m/s on a 30 m-long runway with soft, medium and hard midsole shoes. The vertical impact peak increased as the shoe midsole hardness decreased (mean(SE); soft: 1.70BW(0.03), medium: 1.64BW(0.03), hard: 1.54BW(0.03)). Similar results were found for the apparent ankle joint stiffness where apparent stiffness increased as the shoe midsole hardness decreased (soft: 2.08BWm/º x 100 (0.05), medium: 1.92 BWm/º x 100 (0.05), hard: 1.85 BWm/º x 100 (0.05)). Apparent knee joint stiffness increased for soft (1.06BWm/º x 100 (0.04)) midsole compared to the medium (0.95BWm/º x 100 (0.04)) and hard (0.96BWm/º x 100 (0.04)) midsoles for female participants. The results from this study confirm that shoe midsole hardness can have an effect on vertical impact force peaks and that this may be connected to the hardness of the landing. The results from this study may provide useful information regarding the development of cushioning guidelines for running shoes.
     
  15. W J Liggins

    W J Liggins Well-Known Member

    Hey! All this professional stuff begs the question. The Convicts are doing all too well with Starc's bruised heel never mind without. Mind you, if our own violent (accused) crim is allowed out for the one dayer's it'll be a different matter......
     
  16. markjohconley

    markjohconley Well-Known Member

    I must not have expressed myself well, again. I was replying to, " ... Where it affects gets moved ... ". I thought you were referring to a change in alignment of the foot bones.

    To produce greater stiffness in the lower leg, yes?

    Thanks for the abstracts. I thought Sorbothane was shown to be 'snake oil'; didn't a TOP english athlete, seb coe or the other one at the same time, sue the company after a unflattering study was published. he had been involved in the advertisements for the product but quit.

    Leonard 'should have slit his wrists (decades) ago Cohen, ahh, a young lady i fancied before I met my wife (mid-70's) couldn't get enough. "you know who i am" , had to listen to that and a couple of other songs off that 'something something about a room' album so many bloody times ...

    thanks again, he used to be, 'should have slit his wrists years ago' but i updated, as it was over 40 years ago
     
  17. Yep softer shoe increased leg stiffness.

    I think all 3 links go to full text articles fwiw
     
  18. markjohconley

    markjohconley Well-Known Member

    So (as you said I gather), the GRF 'transfer' as a result of reducing shock absorption at the hell, may lead to greater loads for the forefoot and would increase loads on bony tissues proximally; getting warmer?, thanks, mark
    that study, evidence that Sorbothane is over-rated; snake-oil?
     
  19. That would be my take Mark
     
  20. markjohconley

    markjohconley Well-Known Member

    thanks again mike
     
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