Faster, higher, no longer

Bill
See IAAF rules attached: http://www.iaaf.org/mm/Document/06/28/26/62826_PDF_English.pdf

Those wishing to use shoes / inserts to provide an advantage are ruled out in Rule 143 p. 131 onwards.

Rule 163, p.147 states "the direction of running and walking..." so the movement pattern adopted must be deemed to be a form of running as oppose to "tumbling" etc.

 

Simon

Sat down at 10.00am to look at this problem but got side tracked by another couple of threads for a couple of hours, came back to this one for 2 hours and read thru the Hamner 2010 paper. Good paper and clinically useful too but no raw data to work with. I started thinking how to extrapolate that but that's a lot of work, a lot of work. Then I thought that I had and idea that I may have already done some similar work a few years ago. So I'll see if I can find it on a storage hard drive and get back to you.

regards Dave

 

Dave, according to their paper: "To promote the utilization and acceptance of simulations in movement science our simulation is freely available in OpenSim (Delp et al., 2007; simtk.org/home/RunningSim), so others may reproduce our results, perform additional analyses, and gain further insight into running dynamics."

I looked at the opensim site and realised it needed linux or windows platform. But, according to this from the paper and their youtube video, the simulation is out there for use somewhere.

Edit I was looking in the wrong place- it's here: http://opensim.stanford.edu/ and moreover here: https://simtk.org/xml/index.xml (this second link was slow to load on my system so be patient)

Seems you can download the pre-built models: https://simtk.org/project/xml/downloads.xml?group_id=468#package_id917 https://simtk.org/home/lowlimbmodel09 et cetera


See here to get started http://opensim.stanford.edu/join/index.html AND, there's a version for Mac OSX!!!!! I'll see if I can teach myself.

 

Bill and all, you might want to follow the link from here: http://opensim.stanford.edu/work/index.html
to here: re: Usain Bolt
http://science360.gov/obj/tkn-video/cdedae82-68c6-4ebf-b834-e9c6cc46e4e5/biomechanics-usain-bolt

More here:
http://science360.gov/series/Scienc...n Sports/84211b74-7ae1-4d9b-9024-5faa6300fc29

 

Thanks Simon. It's interesting to see that the IAAF don't offer a definition of running? I did find a definition of walking in one of their documents on race walking which focused on the double contact and straight knee upon ground contact and lasting until leg vertical.

I found a simple definition in wiki 'running' which emphasised 'regular points during the running cycle when both feet are off the ground'.

Although walking and falling, which occur relatively regularly, are not included within that definition of running it seems that the IAAF have not deemed it necessary to disqualify those who break the flight rule in these ways. However I would imagine that a dramatic change in running technique, eg bounding, even if it fulfilled the regular no ground contact rule, would result in disqualification, especially if the bounder won. The definition might exclude a long jump to the line and then again it might not. It seems that the groucho walk might have to be modified to include regular periods of flight to prevent disqualification.

The Groucho run combined with bounding might be a step in the right direction?

Bill

 

It's interesting that "running" doesn't necessarily have to have an "aerial" phase as noted in one of the papers I linked to on Groucho running p. 267
http://jeb.biologists.org/content/115/1/263.full.pdf html
This challenges the definition of running that I, and probably others have been taught.

 

That link isn`t working for me.

 

try again.

 

Got it.

Cheers

 

Simon

Yes could take quite some time to learn the operating procedures and discovering which software download is applicable to the problem of interest, find the right data set and then actually learn how to make it work.

interesting but time consuming

Regards Dave

 

"Nobody said it was easy"- Coldplay- the scientist
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EqWLpTKBFcU

Come up to meet you
Tell you I'm sorry
You don't know how lovely you are
I had to find you
Tell you I need you
Tell you I set you apart

Tell me your secrets
And ask me your questions
Oh let's go back to the start
Running in circles; coming up tails
Heads on a silence apart

Nobody said it was easy
It's such a shame for us to part
Nobody said it was easy
No one ever said it would be this hard
Oh take me back to the start

I was just guessing at numbers and figures
Pulling your puzzles apart
Questions of science; science and progress
Do not speak as loud as my heart

Tell me you love me
Come back and haunt me
Oh and I rush to the start
Running in circles, chasing our tails
Coming back as we are

Nobody said it was easy
Oh it's such a shame for us to part
Nobody said it was easy
No one ever said it would be so hard
I'm going back to the start

Oh ooh ooh ooh ooh ooh


I'm gonna give it a pop. Put a word in with him, for me; I'll need all the help I can get.

 

Simon:

Great links.:drinks I got to meet both Scott Delp (this was one of Steve Piazza's PhD advisors) and Tom Novachek at a couple of seminars. Very bright guys.

Let me know how it goes in getting OpenSim to work. Of course, I'm using Windows 7 on a PC but think it would be nice to play with, if I ever found any extra time to do so.

 

I haven't really been keeping up with things over the last fortnight as we have had our two year old grandson staying with us. My head is still full of Shrek - "do the roar, do the roar, do the roar, do it" and I'm finding it difficult to decide which is of greater importance, ie doing the 'roar' or looking at Podiatry Arena. He left this morning so I would think that I will very quickly see more value in PodA than in Shrek but it's going to be a close run thing.

The force applied to the ground during stance phase and the period of time the foot is on the ground are related. A muscle contracting at its fastest rate will require a certain minimum time to generate maximum force. If and when the muscles have been trained to contract as rapidly and powerfully as they can the ground force generated will be dependent (amongst other things) upon the foot remaining on the ground sufficiently long to allow generation of maximum ground force. I think that's what the article is saying or at least that's how I interpret it?

Bill

 

Story so far- from what I can see it looks like a set of Meccano with pre-built elements you can put together, i.e. calcaneus, metatarsal, muscle actuator etc. HOWEVER, there is no graphical user interface in the Mac version, so I'm going to put it onto my PC at work after the weekend which runs Windows which should make life a lot simpler. Looks like your "cuppa tea" though Kevin.

I've attached the first tutorial which should give a basic feel of the kind of things you can do.

The 2nd tutorial deals with the effect of tendon transfer (in other words what happens when you move a muscle, and the third deals with scaling the models, inverse kinematics and inverse dynamics.

For anyone wishing to learn more about biomechanics I would recommend you download this software. If all you ever use it for is to go through the tutorials, I'm sure it would be a massive benefit to your knowledge and understanding. And it's free! Follow this link: http://opensim.stanford.edu/join/index.html