Does running cause osteoarthritis in the hip or knee?
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Hansen P, English M, Willick SE.
PM R. 2012 May;4(5 Suppl):S117-21.
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Who remembers all the headlines, rhetoric and propaganda on the barefoot running sites that running shoes cause knee osteoarthritis based on a study that was not even on osteoarthritis? It was pointed out at the time if that was the case, then as most runners use running shoes you would expect to see more OA in runners compared to the general population, which every single study has shown that was not the case. Good to see that the research since then continues to confirm it.
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Why Don't Most Runners Get Knee Osteoarthritis? A Case for Per-Unit-Distance Loads
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Habitual Running Any Time in Life Is Not Detrimental and May be Protective of Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis: Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative.
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http://www.runresearchjunkie.com/running-may-protect-the-knee-from-osteoarthritis/ -
Radiographic Abnormalities Common in Senior Athletes With Well-functioning Hips but Not Associated With Osteoarthritis.
Anderson LA, Anderson MB, Kapron A, Aoki SK, Erickson JA, Chrastil J, Grijalva R, Peters C.
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Does running protect against knee osteoarthritis? Or promote it? Assessing the current evidence
Richard D Leech, Kim L Edwards, Mark E Batt
Br J Sports Med doi:10.1136/bjsports-2015-094749 -
Not running, but:
PUBLIC RELEASE: 4-NOV-2015
Why is osteoarthritis more common among athletes?
UNIVERSITY OF GOTHENBURG
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Not running:
What Is the Association of Elite Sporting Activities With the Development of Hip Osteoarthritis?
Jonathan M. Vigdorchik et al
Am J Sports Med July 29, 2016
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Running and Knee Osteoarthritis
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Kate A. Timmins et al
Am J Sports Med August 12, 2016
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Running decreases knee intra-articular cytokine and cartilage oligomeric matrix concentrations: a pilot study
Hyldahl, R.D., Evans, A., Kwon, S. et al.
Eur J Appl Physiol (2016). doi:10.1007/s00421-016-3474-z
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Study: Running actually lowers inflammation in knee joints
Running may also slow the process that leads to osteoarthritis
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Joint Loading in Runners Does Not Initiate Knee Osteoarthritis.
Miller, Ross H.
Exercise & Sport Sciences Reviews: January 31, 2017
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Joint Loading in Runners Does Not Initiate Knee Osteoarthritis
Miller, Ross H.
Exercise & Sport Sciences Reviews: April 2017 - Volume 45 - Issue 2 - p 87–95
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The Association of Recreational and Competitive Running With Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Eduard Alentorn-Geli et al
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, Epub 13 May 2017.
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PUBLIC RELEASE: 2-JUN-2017
Recreational running benefits hip and knee joint health
Recreational runners are less likely to experience knee and hip osteoarthritis compared to sedentary individuals and competitive runners, according to a new study published in the June issue of the Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy® (JOSPT®).
The study concludes that running at a recreational level for up to 15 years--and possibly more--may be safely recommended as a general health exercise. Further, the evidence suggests recreational running may have benefits for hip and knee joint health.
An international team of researchers in Spain, Sweden, the United States, and Canada aimed to evaluate the association of hip and knee osteoarthritis with running and to explore the influence of running intensity and years of exposure on that association. They found in their systematic review of several studies investigating the relationship between running and arthritis of these weight-bearing joints that only 3.5% of recreational runners developed hip or knee arthritis. This was true for both male and female runners.
Their findings further indicate that remaining sedentary and forgoing running for exercise was associated with a rate of knee and hip arthritis of 10.2%, while training and running competitively increases the incidence of arthritis in these joints to 13.3%. The study's authors note that other researchers who have also found a link between high-volume and high-intensity runners and knee and hip arthritis define exercise at this level as running more than 57 miles (92 km) per week.
"The principal finding in this study is that, in general, running is not associated with osteoarthritis," says lead author Eduard Alentorn-Geli, MD, MSc, PhD, with Fundación García-Cugat; Artroscopia GC, Hospital Quirón; and Mutualidad Catalana de Futbolistas-Delegación Cataluña, Federación Española de Fútbol in Barcelona, Spain, as well as the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN. He adds that "the novel finding in our investigation is the increased association between running and arthritis in competitive, but not in recreational, runners."
Dr. Alentorn-Geli and his fellow researchers used PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases to identify studies investigating the occurrence of osteoarthritis of the hip and/or knee among runners. They reviewed 25 studies that included 125,810 people, and ultimately selected 17 studies involving a total of 114,829 people.
The study's authors then conducted a meta-analysis of studies, comparing this occurrence between runners and sedentary individuals who did not run. Runners were considered "competitive" if they were identified themselves as professional/elite athletes or participated in international competitions. Recreational runners were those individuals who ran in a nonprofessional, or amateur, context.
The researchers calculated the prevalence rate and odds ratio (with 95% confidence interval [CI]) for osteoarthritis between runners at both competitive and recreational levels and sedentary individuals. They also performed subgroup analyses for arthritis location (hip or knee), gender, and years of exposure to running (less or more than 15 years).
Dr. Alentorn-Geli and his colleagues were not able to determine the amount of running that is safe for these joints. The study's authors also caution that they did not assess the impact of obesity, occupational workload, or prior injury on the future risk of hip and knee arthritis in runners.
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The study is titled "The Association of Recreational and Competitive Running With Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis." Co-authors on the paper are Kristian Samuelsson, MD, MSc, PhD and Jón Karlsson, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Volker Musahl, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Cynthia L. Green, PhD, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; and Mohit Bhandari, MD, PhD, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. The research report's full citation is: J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(6): 373-390. Epub May 13, 2017. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.7137.
No institutional review board approval was needed for this study, and no funding was received. The authors certified that they have no affiliations with or financial involvement in any organization or entity with a direct financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in the article.
For more information, please contact Dr Alentorn-Geli at ealentorngeli@gmail.com, or JOSPT Editor-in-Chief J. Haxby Abbott, DPT, PhD, FNZCP, at haxby.abbott@otago.ac.nz. -
Is Participation in Certain Sports Associated With Knee Osteoarthritis? A Systematic Review.
Jeffrey B. Driban, Jennifer M. Hootman, Michael R. Sitler, Kyle P. Harris, and Nicole M. Cattano
Journal of Athletic Training: June 2017, Vol. 52, No. 6, pp. 497-506.
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Editorial:
Running causes knee osteoarthritis: myth or misunderstanding
Br J Sports Med Published Online First: 24 October 2017. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2017-098227 -
Low Prevalence of Hip and Knee Arthritis in Active Marathon Runners.
Ponzio DY et al
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2018 Jan 17;100(2):131-137. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.16.01071.
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Running does not increase symptoms or structural progression in people with knee osteoarthritis: data from the osteoarthritis initiative
Grace H. Lo et al
Clinical Rheumatology: 04 May 2018
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Perception about Running and Knee Joint Health
among the Public and Healthcare Practitioners
Jean-Francois Esculier, Natasha M. Krowchuk, Linda L. Li, Jack
E. Taunton, FACSM, Michael A. Hunt.
Presented at ACSM Mtg, 2018
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Running Dose and Risk of Developing Lower-Extremity Osteoarthritis
Gessel, Trevor, MD; Harrast, Mark A., MD
Current Sports Medicine Reports: June 2019 - Volume 18 - Issue 6 - p 201–209
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Cartilage recovery in runners with and without knee osteoarthritis: A pilot study
Jean-FrancoisEsculieraMichaelJarrettbNatasha M.KrowchukaAlexanderRauschercdeVanessaWiggermanncdeJack E.TauntonfDavid R.WilsonghAnthony A.GattiijMichael A.Hunta
The Knee; 18 August 2019
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Can marathon running improve knee damage of middle-aged adults? A prospective cohort study
Laura Maria Horga et al
BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 2019;5:e000586
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of Knees and Spines in Recreational Runners who Completed 1000 Marathons
Hyechang Rhim, Young Ha Kim, Myung Gyu Kim, Ki-Mo Jang, Seung Woo Suh
Cureus 11(12): e6382. doi:10.7759/cureus.6382
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PS Runners should not run through injuries! -
IMPACT LOADS DURING WALKING AND RISK OF KNEE PAIN: THE
MOST STUDY
K. Gross et al
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 28 (2020) S86eS527
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Medial knee cartilage is unlikely to withstand a lifetime of running without positive adaptation: a theoretical biomechanical model of failure phenomena.
Miller RH, Krupenevich RL. 2020.
Source
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Daily cumulative load and body mass index alter knee cartilage response to running in women
Elora C.Brenneman WilsonaAnthony A.GattibcPeter J.KeiraMonica R.Malyacd
Gait & Posture Volume 88, July 2021, Pages 192-197
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Association of Sports Participation With Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Thomas Bestwick-Stevenson, MRes, Onosi S. Ifesemen, MPH, Richard G. Pearson, PhD, ...
Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine June 14, 2021
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The Influence of Running on Lower Limb Cartilage: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Michaela C. M. Khan, James O’Donovan, Jesse M. Charlton, Jean-Sébastien Roy, Michael A. Hunt & Jean-Francois Esculier
Sports Medicine (2021)
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Running kinetics and femoral trochlea cartilage characteristics in recreational and collegiate distance runners
Peter K. Mitchell,Tyler J. Moffit,Melissa M. Montgomery &Derek N. Pamukoff
Journal of Sports Sciences: 08 Sep 2021
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Running does not increase symptoms or structural progression in people with knee osteoarthritis: data from the osteoarthritis initiative
Grace H. Lo, Sarra M. Musa, Jeffrey B. Driban, Andrea M. Kriska, Timothy E. McAlindon, Richard B. Souza, Nancy J. Petersen, Kristi L. Storti, Charles B. Eaton, Marc C. Hochberg, Rebecca D. Jackson, C. Kent Kwoh, Michael C. Nevitt & Maria E. Suarez-Almazor
Clinical Rheumatology volume 37, pages2497–2504 (2018)
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