Exercises vs shoe modifications for paediatric flat foot

NewsBot · Nov 20, 2016

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Comparing the efficacy of exercise, internal and external shoe modification in pes planus: A clinical and pedobarographic study.
Taspinar O et al
J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2016 Nov 11.

Pes planus is a condition that can cause pain along the innerfoot due to the absence or abnormal depression of the longitudinal arch. There are few studies available that compare therapy modalities used in these patients. In our study, those treated with conservative therapies - internal and external shoe modifications and pes planus exercises - were compared clinically and pedobarographyically. 60 pes planus patients were included in the study. In the first group; internal modification was performed by placing a medial longitudinal arch support inside the shoe. In the second group, external shoe modification was performed using the Thomas heel. In the third group of patients however, only an exercise program was executed. The patients' foot pain levels, functional asssessment, satisfaction and quality of life were recorded. Pedobarography was used in measuring both static and dynamic plantar pressure. Assessments were carried out at baseline and at the end of the first and third months respectively where intra- and inter- group comparisons were performed. Each group was composed of 20 subjects. While improvement in terms of foot pain, foot function index and quality of life was observed in all the study groups (p< 0.05), the most improvement was observed in the group of patients treated with internal modification (p< 0.016). This was followed by the external modification and the exercise groups respectively. No difference was observed between the internal and external modification groups in terms of patient satisfaction. Cross-sectionally; clinical assessments, pedobarographic analysis were correlated. The changes observed after static and dynamic pedobarographic studies were not significantly different between the study groups. At the end of the study it was observed that internal modification yielded the most significant clinical improvement. In the literature, there are limited publications comparing the conservative treatments with each other. In this study we aimed to compare the conservative treatments for flatfoot.
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Admin2 · Nov 20, 2016

Related Threads:
Other threads tagged with paediatric flatfoot
Short Foot Muscle Exercises and Foot Posture in Runners
Corrective shoes for flexible flat feet
Spontaneous improvement of radiographic indices of paediatric flatfoot
Non-surgical interventions for paediatric pes planus
Exercise more effective than foot orthoses in pediatric flat foot
Rehabilitative treatment in flexible flatfoot: a perspective cohort study.

Craig Payne · Nov 20, 2016

NewsBot said: ↑

Comparing the efficacy of exercise, internal and external shoe modification in pes planus: A clinical and pedobarographic study.
Taspinar O et al
J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2016 Nov 11.
Click to expand...

Within groups analysis rather than a between groups analysis. Fail. Next.

NewsBot · Mar 28, 2017

Comparing the Effects of Simultaneous Eight-Week Stretching /
Strengthening Trainings with Core Stability Exercises on the Flat Foot
Deformity of 9- to13- Year -Old Female Students
Rahele Khamooshi et al
International Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain prevention
Volume 1, Number.4, Autumn 2016

Background: This study aimed to compare the
effects of simultaneous eight-week stretching and
strengthening trainings and exercises with core
stability exercises on the flat foot deformity of
female students with the age ranges from 9 to 13
years.
Methods and Materials: In the present Quasiexperimental
study on 130 female students, 60
girls with flat feet and the age ranges from 9 to
13,were selected randomly and divided into two
experimental groups (n = 20 in each group) and
one control group (n = 20). The samples were
selected using Navi loss, and then Staheliarch
index was evaluated. The experimental groups
received the treatment(one group received
stretching and strengthening exercises and the
other group received core stability exercises for 45
minutes, three times a week) for 8 weeks, but the
control group received no treatment and was
engaged in daily routine activities. The data were
analyzed through analysis of independent samples
t-test at the significance level of P≤.05.
Results: Post-test of arch corrective exercises
revealed a significant difference among the three
groups so that the subjects of both the experimental
groups, compared to the control group, had a
significant decrease in the angle of the back nut
side while the difference between the two
experimental groups was not statistically
significant (P< .001). Also, in the second
experimental group, exercises influence on the
arch more than that of the first experimental group
(P <.001).
Conclusions: It seems that the eight-week
correction training program with emphasis on
compound exercises (core stability) as a noninvasive
method had a good effect in the treatment
of the female students suffering from flat foot
deformity with the age ranges from 9 to 13 years.
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Craig Payne · Mar 28, 2017

NewsBot said: ↑

Comparing the Effects of Simultaneous Eight-Week Stretching /
Strengthening Trainings with Core Stability Exercises on the Flat Foot
Deformity of 9- to13- Year -Old Female Students
Rahele Khamooshi et al
International Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain prevention
Volume 1, Number.4, Autumn 2016
Click to expand...

exact some number in each group follow randomization ... that really hard to do --> red flag.
data in table and sloppy stats analysis do not support the conclusion.
next.

NewsBot · Dec 3, 2020

EVALUATION OF EFFECTS OF CORRECTIVE EXERCISES
ON PES PLANOVALGUS IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Miroslava Šutvajová et al
CBU INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INNOVATIONS IN SCIENCE AND EDUCATION 2020 (MEDICINE AND PHARMACY)
MARCH 18-20, 2020, PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC

Introduction: The foot forms the natural base of the human body bearing all its weight. Over the course of a person's life, the
foot ensures the contact of the body with the terrain and creates the basic support during dynamic activities such as walking or
running, especially on uneven terrain. (Véle, 2006)
Objectives: The aim of the research was to verify the effects of targeted corrective exercises on healthy foot development in
preschool children.
Methods: The research was conducted from September 2018 to March 2019. The research sample consisted of 105 probands
(59 preschool girls and 46 preschool boys), out of whom 7.62% had the physiological position of the arch on the right foot
during baseline measurements. The average age of probands was 5 years. The measured parameters were the foot arch height
without and with a load. Measurements were taken before and after rehabilitation intervention.
Results: The statistical analysis of the results confirmed the positive effect of rehabilitation treatment in all monitored variables
on statistically significant diference in terms of an elevation in the foot arch (p <0.005) and the influence of risk factors
contributing to the development of researched foot deformities. The obtained data were processed into tables and graphs and
subsequently evaluated.
Conclusion: Our study has shown that the most effective is the active exercise strengthening. The affected muscles maintain
the foot arch as well as the whole posture.
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NewsBot · Jun 16, 2021

Clinical and radiological outcomes of corrective exercises and neuromuscular electrical stimulation in children with flexible flatfeet: A randomized controlled trial⋆
M.Abd-Elmonem et al
Gait & Posture; 12 June 2021

Highlights
•Flexible flat foot is common among pediatrics.
•Although being asymptomatic, long term problems are frequent as planter facilities.
•Corrective foot exercises are effective producing active correction of foot arch posture.
•Electrical stimulation is a safe method of muscle activation, with or without weakness.
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Background
Flexible flatfeet are common among children being scarcely symptomatic requires no specific treatment and resolves spontaneously. However, flexible flatfoot tends to advance and deteriorate overtime and eventually resulting in significant impairments such as plantar fasciitis and patellofemoral pain syndrome. Research question: What is the effect of corrective exercises and neuromuscular electrical stimulation in children with flexible flatfeet?

Method
This is a randomized controlled trial with 72 children, seven to twelve yearsold, randomly assigned to either intervention or control group (36 children for each group) and engaged in a four months (3 sessions/week) of corrective exercise and neuromuscular electrical stimulation or corrective exercise and sham neuromuscular electrical stimulation respectively. Assessments of Staheli’s arch index (through foot print), navicular drop (through navicular drop test) and radiographic indexes (through anterior-posterior and medio-lateral X-ray) of both feet were performed before and after the intervention programs.

Results
Study groups were comparable with respect to all outcome measures at entry (P > 0.05). Within group comparison showed significant improvements in all measured variables. Further, between groups comparison revealed significant higher improvements (P < 0.05) in right and left feet Staheli’s arch index, navicular drop as well as the radiographic indexes in favor of the intervention group.

Significance
Integration of corrective exercises and neuromuscular electrical stimulation is more effective than exercises alone for providing clinical and radiological improvements in children with flexible flatfeet.
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NewsBot · Nov 4, 2021

Effects of Plyometric Exercises versus Flatfoot Corrective Exercises on Postural Control and Foot Posture in Obese Children with a Flexible Flatfoot
Hatem H. Allam et al
Volume 2021 |Article ID 3635660 | https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/3635660

Background. Obesity contributes to the acquired flatfoot deformity which in turn impairs balance. Aim. The purpose of the current study was to compare the effect of plyometric exercises with flatfoot corrective exercises on balance, foot posture, and functional mobility in obese children with a flexible flatfoot. Methods. Forty-seven children participated in the study. Their age ranged from 7 to 11 years. Participants were randomly divided into 3 groups: experimental group I (EGI), experimental group II (EGII), and the control group (CG). The EGI received plyometric exercises and the EGII received corrective exercises, 2 sessions weekly for 10 weeks. The control group did not perform any planned physical activities. The Prokin system was used to assess balance, the timed up and go test (TUG) was used to assess functional mobility, and the navicular drop test (NDT) was used to assess foot posture. Results. EGI showed significant improvement in all balance parameters, foot posture, and TUG. EGII showed improvement in the ellipse area and perimeter in addition to foot posture and TUG. Conclusion. Plyometric exercises and foot correction exercises had a positive effect on foot posture, balance, and functional mobility in obese children with flatfeet.
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NewsBot · May 17, 2022

Efficacy of Tibialis Posterior Strengthening Exercise with Obesity Reduction Program in Flexible Flatfoot among Obese School Children.
Karthika, N.; Kumar, R. Mukesh; Kumar, R. V. Vijaya; Vasanthan
Indian Journal of Physiotherapy & Occupational Therapy . Apr-Jun2022, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p120-127. 7p.

Background: Flat foot (Pes Planus), is characterized by a reduced or absent medial longitudinal arch. Flat foot can be caused by many factors, including obesity, wearing shoes, weakness of muscles. Flat foot in obese children is mainly caused by the presence of a plantar fatty pad under the medial longitudinal arch of the foot. Objective: To compare the Efficacy of Tibialis Posterior Strengthening Exercise with Obesity reduction program In Flexible Flatfoot among Obese School Children. Methodology: A Randomized control trial (RCT) was conducted on 50 obese subjects with flexible flat foot. Experimental group received both the intervention, and control group received only obesity reduction programme. The tibialis posterior strengthening exercise is performed for 30 minutes per day for 5 days a week for a period of 6 weeks. Obesity reduction programme performed for 30 minutes for 5 days a week for a period of 6 weeks. Result: There was a significant difference was noted within the Group- A and Group B. Hence, TPSE with ORP was found to be more effective compared to ORP to improve foot arch and physical activity level among obese school children with flexible flat foot. Conclusion: Tibialis posterior strengthening exercise with obesity reduction program was found superior to only obesity reduction program in improving foot arch height and physical activity level among obese school children with flexible flat foot.
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NewsBot · May 15, 2023

Comparison of 2 Conservative Treatment Approaches for the Flat Foot in Children Aged 5 to 10: Foot Orthoses Versus Foot Orthoses Supplemented With Zukunft-Huber Manual Therapy
Anna Boryczka-Trefler et al
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2023 May 11

The aim was to find if foot orthotics alone can improve flat feet in children and analyze how the addition of Zukunft-Huber manual therapy and corrective bandaging changes the outcome. Forty-nine children aged 5 to 10 with asymptomatic flexible flat feet were divided into 2 groups. The first was treated with foot orthoses alone, in the second wearing foot orthoses was supplemented with Zukunft-Huber manual therapy and corrective bandaging. Pedobarography during gait was performed before the therapy and after a year. In the first group decrease in arch index, width, force, and area of midfoot, increase in force MH2 and area hindfoot was found, in the second decrease in arch index, width, force, and area of midfoot, increase in force under metatarsal head second, third, fourth, and fifth, area metatarsal head fourth and area hindfoot. Both methods showed positive changes, but foot orthoses with additional intervention were more effective.
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NewsBot · Feb 3, 2024

EFFECTS OF INSOLES WITH AND WITHOUT SHORT FOOT EXERCISES ON PAIN, DISABILITY AND FOOT POSTURE IN CHILDREN WITH PES PLANUS
Dr Eram Aslam et al
Source

Background: Pes Planus, commonly known as flatfoot, is a condition that can lead to significant discomfort and functional impairment. While various treatments have been proposed, the effectiveness of combining shoe insoles with Short Foot Exercise (SFE) has not been extensively studied.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of combined shoe insole and SFE intervention in improving symptoms of flatfoot compared to shoe insoles alone.

Methods: This randomized controlled trial recruited 26 children aged 8-16 years with symptomatic bilateral pes planus. Participants were divided into two groups: an experimental group receiving SFE with internal shoe modification, and a control group receiving only internal shoe modification. The intervention lasted for six weeks. Outcome measures included Foot Posture Index (FPI) and Foot Function Index (FFI), assessed before and after the intervention.

Results: At baseline, no significant differences were observed between groups in FPI and FFI scores. Post-intervention, the experimental group showed a significant improvement in FPI scores, from a median of 5.00 [−1.50 – 8.00] to 3.00 [−1.00 – 4.50], and in FFI scores, from 39.00 [22.00 – 45.00] to 30.00 [20.00 – 40.00]. In contrast, the control group showed less pronounced improvements. The differences between groups post-intervention were statistically significant, with P-values of 0.03 for FPI and 0.02 for FFI.

Conclusion: The combination of shoe insoles and SFE is more effective in improving foot posture and function in children with symptomatic flatfoot than shoe insoles alone. This study suggests that a multimodal approach may be beneficial in managing pes planus.
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