Morphology of the bone of the foot

NewsBot · Aug 14, 2015

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Statistical, Morphometric, Anatomical Shape Model (Atlas) of Calcaneus.
Melinska AU, Romaszkiewicz P, Wagel J, Sasiadek M, Iskander DR
PLoS ONE 10(8): e0134603. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0134603 (full text)

The aim was to develop a morphometric and anatomically accurate atlas (statistical shape model) of calcaneus. The model is based on 18 left foot and 18 right foot computed tomography studies of 28 male individuals aged from 17 to 62 years, with no known foot pathology. A procedure for automatic atlas included extraction and identification of common features, averaging feature position, obtaining mean geometry, mathematical shape description and variability analysis. Expert manual assistance was included for the model to fulfil the accuracy sought by medical professionals. The proposed for the first time statistical shape model of the calcaneus could be of value in many orthopaedic applications including providing support in diagnosing pathological lesions, pre-operative planning, classification and treatment of calcaneus fractures as well as for the development of future implant procedures.
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NewsBot · Jan 31, 2017

Statistical shape models of cuboid, navicular and talus bones
Aleksandra U. MelinskaEmail author, Patryk Romaszkiewicz, Justyna Wagel, Bartlomiej Antosik, Marek Sasiadek and D. Robert Iskander
Journal of Foot and Ankle Research201710:6

Background
The aim was to develop statistical shape models of the main human tarsal bones that would result in novel representations of cuboid, navicular and talus.

Methods
Fifteen right and 15 left retrospectively collected computed tomography data sets from male individuals, aged from 17 to 63 years, with no known foot pathology were collected. Data were gathered from 30 different subjects. A process of model building includes image segmentation, unifying feature position, mathematical shape description and obtaining statistical shape geometry.

Results
Orthogonal decomposition of bone shapes utilising spherical harmonics was employed providing means for unique parametric representation of each bone. Cross-validated classification results based on parametric spherical harmonics representation showed high sensitivity and high specificity greater than 0.98 for all considered bones.

Conclusions
The statistical shape models of cuboid, navicular and talus created in this work correspond to anatomically accurate atlases that have not been previously considered. The study indicates high clinical potential of statistical shape modelling in the characterisation of tarsal bones. Those novel models can be applied in medical image analysis, orthopaedics and biomechanics in order to provide support for preoperative planning, better diagnosis or implant design.
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NewsBot · Sep 10, 2018

Morphometric analysis of talus and calcaneus.
Prasad SA, Rajasekhar SSSN
Surg Radiol Anat. 2018 Sep 8.

PURPOSE:
The variations in the subtalar joint regarding its morphology and articulation of bones are common worldwide. This study aimed to analyze the morphometric variations in articulating facets of talus and calcaneum in South Indian population.

METHODS:
For this study, the morphometric parameters of 92 dry tali and 49 dry calcanei of unknown gender were analyzed. The pattern of articulating facets was classified based on Boyan et al. as Type A (A1-A4), Type B (B1 and B2), and Type C.

RESULTS:
Type B was found to be the most common pattern in the study population (talus-97.8%; calcaneus-80.2%). The morphometric parameters were expressed as mean ± 2 SD. The anteroposterior length of the left talus was more than right talus, while the transverse width of right and left talus is almost equal. The length of right sulcus tali appears to be more than left sulcus tali, whereas the width and depth of right and left sulcus tali was almost equal. The transverse width of the right calcaneus was greater than left calcaneus. Width and depth of right and left sulcus calcanei were almost equal, but the length of right sulcus calcanei was more than the left sulcus calcanei (p value - 0.036).

CONCLUSION:
Analysis of the pattern of articulating facets of talus and calcaneum and establishing the common types and their morphometric parameters will be helpful as an important tool for reconstruction surgeries of hind-foot deformities and foot rehabilitation procedures.
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