Tennis footwear

NewsBot · Jul 15, 2014

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Tennis shoe requirements in China, USA, and Germany
Thorsten Sterzing, Shannon Barnesa, Katharina Althoff, Lisa Determan, Hui Liud & Jason Tak-Man Cheung
Footwear Science; in press

Background: Tennis is played globally across genders, skill levels, and surfaces. However, there is a lack of knowledge of athletes' footwear requirements regarding wearing habits, importance of shoe properties, desired degree of shoe properties, shoe problems, and foot discomfort. Therefore, this survey aimed to analyse these aspects comprehensively in China, USA, and Germany.

Methods: Our survey involved 1524 competitive tennis players who provided their perspective on tennis footwear by answering supervised hard copy questionnaires. Data was analysed by descriptive statistics for the total population and for subgroups of country, gender, and skill level.

Results: Across countries the most important shoe properties were fit, comfort, traction, injury protection, and outsole durability. However, the desired degree of shoe properties between countries was slightly different for some features. Chinese ask for comparatively narrower fit, Americans and Germans require comparatively higher traction. Durability and foot sweating are the most common shoe problems among all players and the plantar ball area is predominantly prone to foot discomfort.

Conclusion: Although differences between countries, genders and skill level were observed, footwear requirements are comparable across groups. Observations provide evidence-based guidance for tennis footwear design, manufacturing and respective research areas.
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Admin2 · Jul 15, 2014

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NewsBot · Jun 17, 2015

Developments in tennis shoe technology

NewsBot · Jun 11, 2017

Determination of optimal shoe fitting for children tennis players: Effects of inner-shoe volume and upper stiffness.
Herbaut A et al
Appl Ergon. 2017 Jun 6.

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal inner-shoe volume for children tennis players. Sixteen participants, aged from 8 to 12 years old assessed comfort of 6 shoes, which were a combination of 3 lasts (thin, medium and wide) and 2 upper constructions (flexible and stiff), while a sock equipped with textile sensors was measuring the pressure applied on their foot. The thin last was based on the proportion of an adult last. The widest shoes produced the lowest pressure on the 1st and 5th metatarsal heads, the medial midfoot and the medial and lateral heel (p < 0.05), whilst they were perceived the most comfortable for the 3rd and 5th metatarsal heads, the 5th metatarsal base and the medial and lateral heel (p < 0.05). These outcomes indicated that footwear manufacturers should design wider shoes for children than for adults.
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NewsBot · Sep 5, 2017

Effects of specific and non-specific court footwear on anterior cruciate ligament loading during a maximal change of direction manoeuvre
Jonathan Sinclair & Philip Stainton
Footwear Science: 04 Sep 2017

The aim of the current investigation was to examine the effects of tennis shoes and running footwear on the loads experienced by the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) during a maximal change of direction task. Thirteen male participants performed maximal change of direction movements in tennis shoes and running footwear. Lower limb kinematics were collected using an eight-camera motion capture system and ground reaction forces were quantified using an embedded force platform. ACL loading was examined via a musculoskeletal modelling approach and the frictional properties of the footwear were examined using ground reaction force information. Differences in ACL loading parameters between footwear were examined using one-way repeated measures ANOVA and multiple regression analyses were used to determine frictional predictors of ACL loading. Peak ACL force was significantly larger in the tennis shoes (2308.35 N) in relation to running footwear (1859.21 N) conditions. In addition, it was shown that the peak rotational moment was a significant predictor of peak ACL force in the tennis shoes (adjusted R2 = 0.68) and running footwear (adjusted R2 = 0.61) conditions. The findings from the current investigation indicate that the specific tennis shoes examined in the current investigation may place athletes at increased risk from ACL pathology during maximal change of direction movements. However, further exploration using a more ecologically valid research design is required before this notion can be truly substantiated.
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NewsBot · Sep 18, 2019

The Plantar Pressure Analysis of Open Stance
Forehand in Female Tennis Players
Chaoyi Chen, Zhiqiang Liang and Shudong Li
Physical Activity and
Health, 3(1), pp. 63–70

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze plantar pressure during the open stance forehand
(OSF) in female tennis players.
Methods: Seven female players executed the tennis forehand technique with open stance in
the biomechanical laboratory. A portable pressure insole system was adopted to collect mean
pressure (MP), peak pressure (PP), force (F), pressure-time integral (PTI) and contact area (CA)
in 7 regions of the feet. Independent sample T-test was used to analyze the difference among
these parameters.
Results: F, PP in the first phalangeal region (BT) and the remaining four toe regions (OT)
of the right foot (RF) were both larger than the left foot (LF); F in the fourth and fifth
metatarsophalangeal joint (M4-5), the middle foot region (MF), hind foot region（HF）and PP
in M4-5 of LF were significantly greater than the same region in RF; MP in BT and OT of RF
showed significantly higher pressure than LF. While MP among areas of M4-5 and HF of LF was
significantly greater than RF; PTI, CA in OT, M4-5 and MF of RF were significantly higher than
LF while M1, M2-3, M4-5 and MF of LF showed significant smaller.
Conclusion: RF role was to generate the power and LF role was to stabilize the balance of the
body during the OFS. However, long-term and repeated open stance was likely to lead to the
overuse injuries in the regions of M1 and HF of both feet.
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NewsBot · Dec 14, 2022

Influence of shoe torsional stiffness on foot and ankle biomechanics during tennis forehand strokes
Caroline Martin et al
Eur J Sport Sci. 2022 Dec 12;1-11

Tennis shoe characteristics need to minimise the risk of athletes suffering ankle injuries and improve players' feet performance. This study aims to evaluate the influence of shoe torsional stiffness on running velocity, stance duration, ground reaction forces and ankle biomechanics during two different tennis forehand runs and strokes. Ten right-handed advanced male tennis players performed two specific tennis forehand runs and strokes at maximal effort (a shuttle run with a defensive open stance forehand - SRDF and a lateral jab run with an offensive open stance forehand - JROF) with four different pairs of tennis shoes with different torsional stiffness. A force platform measured ground reaction forces (GRF). A motion capture system recorded the 3D trajectories of markers located on players' anatomical landmarks. The minimum, maximum angle value, and range of motion were computed using inverse kinematics for each rotation axis of the right ankle. Normalised maximal ankle torques were also computed using inverse dynamics. Shoe torsional stiffness had no effect on running velocity, on stance duration and maximal values of GRF. Shoe torsional stiffness influenced forefoot inversion which was significantly higher for the most flexible shoes. For SRDF, the maximal ankle inversion angle was significantly and largely increased for the stiffest shoe. The stiffest shoe may put the ankle at a higher risk of lateral sprains during SRDF while it was not the case during JROF.
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NewsBot · Feb 23, 2023

Effect of stroke direction on plantar pressure in each foot during the forehand and backhand stroke among healthy adult tennis players of different performance levels
Johanna Lambrich, Thomas Muehlbauer
BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2023 Feb 23;15(1):23

Background: In tennis, previous studies have shown differences in plantar pressure depending on tennis-specific movements (i.e., baseline play, serve & volley play, change of direction), playing surface (e.g., hard, grass, or clay), and serve type (e.g., slice, topspin or flat). However, the influence of stroke direction on plantar pressure in tennis players with diverging skill level is unknown. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of stroke direction on plantar pressure in each foot during the forehand and backhand stroke among players of different performance levels.

Methods: Thirty-nine female and male healthy adult tennis players (mean ± SD age: 23.5 ± 6.4 years) representing athletes from three performance levels (recreational, intermediate, advanced) participated in this study. The players performed longline/cross forehand and backhand groundstrokes (topspin) on a clay court while plantar pressure distribution was measured in each foot using flexible instrumented insoles.

Results: The three-way ANOVA (performance level × stroke direction × foot dominance) showed (a) no significant differences in plantar pressure data between cross and longline strokes in almost all cases, (b) in part, significantly larger pressure values in advanced compared to intermediate and recreational players, and (c) significantly larger pressure data for the dominant compared to the non-dominant foot in nearly all comparisons.

Conclusion: Regarding an appropriate plantar pressure distribution, our results suggest that during training of especially recreational and intermediate players attention should be paid to the feet rather than to stroke direction
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NewsBot · Oct 30, 2023

The footwear needs and preferences of adults over 55 years of age participating in court sports
Joanna Reeves,Anita Williams &Sharon Dixon
Footwear Science 15 Apr 2023

Court sports like tennis are popular with older adults and important for maintaining physical and mental health. Footwear can influence player experience and injury risk in sports. Previous preliminary work using interviews and focus groups identified key themes regarding comfort (including cushioning), functionality (including a wide width) and choice (including appearance) that are important aspects of footwear for older adults. The purpose of this study was to explore the attitudes towards athletic footwear and the footwear features considered important in older adults playing court sports across the population. An online survey was conducted of older adults in the UK/Ireland who participated in court sports at least once a week. Questionnaire items included descriptive information on age, gender, playing level and sport played and Likert item questions regarding attitudes and important footwear features. Using a mixed methods approach, percentage agreement and importance was combined with qualitative comments. Comfort, appropriate grip, good cushioning and overall support were all important for over 95% of respondents. Width, durability and reducing the likelihood of injury were also important to over 80% of respondents. Around 20% of female participants agreed they had difficulty in purchasing sports shoes with their desired aesthetics compared to around 10% of male participants. Some women reported needing to buy men’s shoes for adequate width, while 12% of respondents reported wearing non-specific footwear like running shoes, often for extra cushioning or to avoid foot pain, which could put them at greater risk of injuries such as ankle sprains. It would appear the athletic footwear industry in the UK/Ireland could do more to improve player comfort and safety of older adults in court sports.
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