Training load relationship to injury

NewsBot · Jan 24, 2015

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Different methods of training load quantification and their relationship to injury and illness in elite Australian football
Kristopher R. Veugelers, Warren B. Young, Brendan Fahrner, Jack T. Harvey
Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport; Published Online: January 24, 2015

Objectives
To compare different methods of training load (TL) quantification and their relationship to injury and illness in elite Australian footballers.

Design
Prospective cohort study.

Methods
Forty-five elite Australian footballers (mean ± standard deviation: age = 23.4 ± 3.8 years) from one elite club participated in this 15 week pre-season study. TL was quantified every session for each individual using four different methods involving rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Two of these methods enabled the quantification of TL for all exercise modalities whilst two were applicable only to outdoor field activities. One- and two-weekly cumulative TL was investigated against injury and illness data using a logistic regression model where the low TL group was considered as the reference group.

Results
A general trend existed across all TL methods which suggested lower odds of injury and illness in high TL groups. The one-week RPE (all) and one-week RPE x Duration (all) methods detected reduced odds of injury in high TL groups compared to low TL groups (p < 0.05, OR = 0.199-0.202). Similarly, the one-week RPE (field) method identified lower illness odds in the high TL groups (p < 0.05, OR = 0.083-0.182).

Conclusions
Higher TL appeared to provide a protective effect against both injury and illness. The inclusion of duration in the quantification of TL via RPE did not improve the ability of RPE to predict change in odds of injury or illness.
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NewsBot · Dec 2, 2018

IS THERE EVIDENCE FOR AN ASSOCIATION BETWEEN
CHANGES IN TRAINING LOAD AND RUNNING RELATED
INJURIES? A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Camma Damsted et al
JOPST

Background: Sudden changes (increases and decreases) in training load have been suggested to play a key role in the
development of running-related injuries. However, the compiled evidence for an association between change in
training load and running-related injury does not exist.
Purpose: The purpose of the present systematic review was to compile the evidence from original articles examining
the association between changes in training load and running-related injuries.
Study Design: Systematic review.
Methods: Four databases (Pubmed/Medline, SPORTDiscus, Embase, and Scopus) were systematically searched. Two
reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and full-text articles independently. Articles were included if i) the study design
was a randomized trial, a prospective cohort study, a cross-sectional study or a case-control study, ii) participants
were runners between 18-65 years, and iii) specific information on changes in training load was provided.
Methodological quality of included articles was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale and the PEDro rating scale.
Results: Four articles fulfilled the eligibility criteria of which three found an association between increases in training
load and an increased risk of running-related injuries: This association was shown by an increased injury risk amongst
runners: i) if they recently had performed one or more changes in either velocity and/or distance and/or frequency
compared with the non-injured runners (p=0.037), ii) increasing their average weekly running distance by more than
30% compared to an increase less than 10% (Hazard Ratio =1.59 (95% Confidence Interval: 0.96; 2.66)), iii) increasing
their total running distance significantly more the week before the injury origin compared with other weeks (mean
difference: 86%; 95% Confidence Interval: 12%; 159%, p=0.026). However, no difference was found between a 10%
and a 24% average increase in weekly volume (HR=0.8, 95% CI: 0.6; 1.3).
Conclusion: Very limited evidence exists supporting that a sudden change in training load is associated with increased
risk of running-related injury.
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NewsBot · Dec 11, 2018

Preparing for Half-Marathon: The Association Between Changes in Weekly Running Distance and Running-Related Injuries—Does It Matter How the Running Is Scheduled?
Camma Damsted et al
JOSPT

Study Design
A prospective cohort study with a study period of 14-weeks.

Background
Sudden changes in training load have been suggested to play a key role in the development of running-related injury (RRI). Since the injury mechanism also depends on the runner’s musculoskeletal load capacity, the running schedule undertaken prior to the sudden change may influence the amount of change a runner is able to tolerate before placing the runner at a high risk of RRI.

Objectives
To investigate the association between changes in weekly running distances and RRI, and to examine whether this association is modified by the type of running schedule followed.

Methods
A cohort of 261 healthy non-injured runners was included. Data on running activity were collected objectively on a daily basis using a Global-Positioning System watch or smartphone. RRIs were collected using e-mail-based weekly questionnaires. Primary exposure was changes in weekly running distances. Data were analyzed with time-to-event models producing cumulative risk difference (RD) as the measure of association.

Results
A total of 56 participants (21.5%) sustained an RRI during the 14-week study period Twenty-one days into the study period significantly more runners were injured when increasing their weekly running distance between 20%-60% compared with increasing ≤20% (RD21 days = 22.6% (95% CI: 0.9%, 44.3%); p=0.041). No significant difference was found after 56 and 98 days. No significant effect-measure modification by running schedule was found.

Conclusion
Significantly more runners were injured 21 days into the study period when increasing their weekly running distance between 20%-60% compared with those increasing less than 20%.
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