Ergogenic Effect of Music during Running Performance.
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Van Dyck E, Leman M
Ann Sports Med Res 3(6): 1082. (2016)
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I blogged a couple of years ago about another study on this:
Effect of listening to music on running -
I was interested in this type of topic about 10 years ago after hearing a lecture on music whereby the speaker stated that there can be a detrimental effect of music on the heart during exercise... as the result of the syncopated beats of most pop/rock songs... this syncopated beat apparently would adversely affect the rhythmic beat of the heart whilst under the greater stress of exercise - hence excess stress (was one of the claims). It's been quite a while since I last looked into this topic but at the time I couldn't find any real material (research) to back up such claims.
One of the reasons I became interested was due to having at least 3 bouts of Atrial Fibrillation whilst training... mind you, I wasn't listening to pop/rock music at the time these bouts occurred, just training hard (whilst dehydrated... hence my reasoning was an electrolyte imbalance).
These days I listen to pop/rock music more often whilst training... particularly long runs by myself. I thought, stuff it... & adopted the philosophy - what doesn't kill me, makes me stronger :rolleyes: (& have been OK of late; albeit, I am better with my fluid intake).
The issue I see with the previously cited music research (on performance) is that music is very subjective... the type of music that appeals to one, may not appeal to another... & what may be deemed motivational to one, may not be motivational for another. For example, most of the music I listen to is from the 80's (1980 - 1987)... today's music (generally) just doesn't cut it (in sound, lyrics & musical talent)... hence if the researchers gave me a playlist of today's music of what they deemed i.e. "slow motivational" & "fast motivational" I probably wouldn't relate to it all that much (hence likely wouldn't have much of an effect on my "prefrontal cortex area").
But on the other hand...
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Hi Matt - I think it depends whether the rhythm of the music and our own internal rhythm we create when exercising are synchronised. Some people seem to have an inherent rhythm and are beautiful to watch - whether it be sports, dancing, whatever..others are not so fortunate. I can't remember the last time I didn't have a tune in my head
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Hi Mark. That's one way of looking at it. However, I was thinking more from a physiological/cardiac perspective (i.e. the normal beat rhythm of the heart compared to that of the syncopated beat rhythm of pop/rock music... in relation to exercise). As said previously, I was looking into this topic about 9 - 10 years ago... I have just gone through some old notes & have found the following I wrote on a running forum about 8 - 9 years ago...
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Listening to music during sprint interval exercise: The impact on exercise attitudes and intentions
Matthew J. Stork & Kathleen A. Martin Ginis
Journal of Sports Sciences 15 Oct 2016
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It depends upon the type of music and personal preferences....
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The effect of (a)synchronous
music on runners’ lower leg
impact loading
Valerio Lorenzon et al
Musicae Scientiae 00(0)
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Listening to music while running alters ground reaction forces: a study of acute exposure to varying speed and loudness levels in young women and men.
Manca A et al
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2020 Apr 10
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Listening to Preferred Music Improved Running Performance without Changing the Pacing Pattern during a 6 Minute Run Test with Young Male Adults
Nidhal Jebabli eta l
Sports 2020, 8(5), 61; 11 May 2020
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Use of Music to Improve Running Performance
Jeremy Buttice
Thesis; University of South Florida
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A multiple mediation analysis of the association between asynchronous use of music and running performance
Masato Kawabata & Khai Leng Chua
Journal of Sports Sciences : 18 Aug 2020
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Biophysiologically synchronous computer generated music
improves performance and reduces perceived effort in trail
runners
Duncan Williams et al
Source
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Instructed versus spontaneous entrainment of running cadence to music tempo
Edith Van Dyck et al
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.
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NEWS RELEASE 22-JUN-2021
Running to music combats mental fatigue a study suggests
Listening to music while running might be the key to improving people's performance when they feel mentally fatigued a study suggests
Listening to music while running might be the key to improving people's performance when they feel mentally fatigued a study suggests.
The performance of runners who listened to a self-selected playlist after completing a demanding thinking task was at the same level as when they were not mentally fatigued, the research found.
The study is the first to investigate the effect of listening to music playlists on endurance running capacity and performance when mentally fatigued.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh used two tests to study how listening to music affected the running performance of eighteen fitness enthusiasts.
One test looked at the effects on interval running capacity - alternating between high intensity running and lower intensity jogging - with a group of nine physically active exercisers, and the other on a 5km time-trial with a group of nine trained runners.
The groups completed a 30 minute computer based cognitive test which put them in a mentally fatigued state before completing high intensity exercise. The runners were tested with and without self-selected motivational music.
Researchers assisted participants in choosing motivational songs with a pre-test questionnaire asking them to rate the rhythm, style, melody, tempo, sound and beat of the music.
Examples of songs participants listened to were: Everyday by A$ap Rocky; Addicted To You by Avicii; Run This Town by Jay-Z; Power by Kanye West; No One Knows by Queens of the Stone Age; and Eye of the Tiger by Survivor.
During the exercise, heart rate and rating of perceived exertion were measured at multiple points.
The team took into account the results of a baseline test taken by participants which was without a mentally demanding test beforehand - and without the use of music.
The researchers found the interval running capacity among the mentally fatigued fitness enthusiasts was moderately greater with music compared to without music, and was the same as when the participants were not mentally fatigued.
The 5km time-trial performances also showed small improvements with self-selected music versus no music.
Researchers say the positive effects of music could potentially be due to altered perception of effort when listening to tunes.
Dr Shaun Phillips, of the University of Edinburgh's Moray House School of Education and Sport, said: "Mental fatigue is a common occurrence for many of us, and can negatively impact many of our day-to-day activities, including exercise. Finding safe and effective ways to reduce this negative impact is therefore useful.
"The findings indicate that listening to self-selected motivational music may be a useful strategy to help active people improve their endurance running capacity and performance when mentally fatigued. This positive impact of self-selected music could help people to better maintain the quality and beneficial impact of their exercise sessions."
Researchers say there are opportunities for further study into how listening to music while running affects larger and different groups of people, in different settings, and using different exercise challenges. Work in these areas is ongoing at the University of Edinburgh. -
Reducing the peak tibial acceleration of running by music-based biofeedback: A quasi-randomized controlled trial
Pieter Van den Berghe et al
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2022 Jan 4
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Using Musical Feedback Increases Stride Frequency in
Recreational Runners
Sergio Sellés-Pérez et al
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 3870.
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Running to the beat: Does listening to music affect running cadence and lower extremity biomechanics?
Carolyn Meinerz et al
Gait & Posture 13 April 2023
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Listening to music while running does not impair lateral balance or increase ground impact forces in non-fatigued novice treadmill runners
Neil James Cunningham, Rachel Zordan
Preprint
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