Increased skin temperature in those with tight calf muscles

NewsBot · May 30, 2017

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Infrared thermography applied to lower limb muscles in elite soccer players with functional ankle equinus and non-equinus condition.
Rodríguez-Sanz D, Losa-Iglesias ME, López-López D, Calvo-Lobo C, Palomo-López P, Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo R.
PeerJ 5:e3388 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3388

Gastrocnemius-soleus equinus (GSE) is a foot-ankle complaint in which the extensibility of the gastrocnemius (G) and soleus muscles (triceps surae) and ankle are limited to a dorsiflexion beyond a neutral ankle position. The asymmetric forces of leg muscles and the associated asymmetric loading forces might promote major activation of the triceps surae, tibialis anterior, transverses abdominal and multifidus muscles. Here, we made infrared recordings of 21 sportsmen (elite professional soccer players) before activity and after 30 min of running. These recordings were used to assess temperature modifications on the gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, and Achilles tendon in GSE and non-GSE participants. We identified significant temperature modifications among GSE and non-GSE participants for the tibialis anterior muscle (mean, minimum, and maximum temperature values). The cutaneous temperature increased as a direct consequence of muscle activity in GSE participants. IR imaging capture was reliable to muscle pattern activation for lower limb. Based on our findings, we propose that non-invasive IR evaluation is suitable for clinical evaluation of the status of these muscles.
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Admin2 · May 30, 2017

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NewsBot · Apr 1, 2018

Final version: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jdv.14966

NewsBot · Nov 25, 2018

Effects of Compressive Stockings and Standard Stockings in Skin Temperature and Pressure Pain Threshold in Runners with Functional Ankle Equinus Condition
David Rodríguez-Sanz et al
J. Clin. Med. 2018, 7(11), 454; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm7110454

Objective: To assess clinical differences in the Achilles tendons of runners with ankle equinus wearing either compressive or standard stockings. Design: Case–control study. Methods: In this study, we conducted clinical examinations of 98 sportsmen (runners) with equinus, before and after 30 min of running on a treadmill; 49 runners wore compressive stockings and 49 wore standard stockings. Clinical assessments of the runners’ Achilles tendons were based on the pressure pain threshold (PPT) and skin temperature analysis. Results: Achilles tendon evaluations identified significant differences in skin temperature modification and PPT between the compressive and standard stocking groups. Conclusions: Based on our findings, we propose that higher skin temperatures are associated with lower pressure pain thresholds in the Achilles tendons of runners with ankle equinus.
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NewsBot · Sep 26, 2019

Thermography related to electromyography in runners with functional equinus condition after running
DavidRodriguez-SanzaMart et al
Physical Therapy in Sport; 25 September 2019

Highlights
•Use of a non invasive tool for clinical screening in foot and ankle muscles.
•Termography Method applied to check different ankle conditions.
•Sportmen population.
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Objectives
To assess how skin temperature could be related with gastrocnemius muscle activation and thus detect association between the extensibility of the triceps-surae and the skin temperature pattern.

Design
A Cross Sectional Study. Secondary level of care.

Setting
Recreational runners from an athletic club.

Participants
57 healthy male subjects with functional equinus condition were recruited (age 42.82 ± 6.97 years, height 173.68 ± 9.79 cm, weight 73.19 ± 8.13 kg, body mass index 20.41 ± 2.48).

Main outcome measures
Skin temperature and electromyography of the gastrocnemius muscle before and after running exercise.

Results
Skin thermal assessment value for Gastrocnemius muscles were assessed in 57 participants before and after running. We found a significant increase of skin temperature after running deeply related with electromyography values (Confidence interval 95%). The temperature of Gastrocnemius was increased in runners after activity.

Conclusions
Thermal imaging is deeply related with muscle pattern activation for lower limb. Based on our findings, we propose that infrared thermography assessment of the gastrocnemius is adequate to check Gastrocnemius muscle activity condition in runners.
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NewsBot · May 31, 2020

Acute effect of induced asymmetrical running technique on foot skin temperature
MarinaGil-Calvo et al
Journal of Thermal Biology; 24 May 2020, 102613

Highlights
•Provoked asymmetrical running do not produce thermal foot asymmetries.
•The use of an ankle weight cuff produces spatio-temporal asymmetries during running.
•It was suggested a lower effect of mechanical than physiological mechanisms on skin temp.
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The aim of the study was to evaluate skin temperature of feet soles before and after a provoked asymmetrical running. Seventeen recreational male runners performed two 15 min running tests in the same session. In the first test, participants performed running without modifying their running technique (control condition). In the second running test, they repeated the same protocol using an ankle weight of 1.5 kg in the non-dominant ankle (asymmetrical condition). Rate of perceive exertion (RPE), heart rate (HR) and spatio-temporal parameters were measured during the running tests. Skin temperature was measured with an infrared camera before and after each condition. Generally, comparing both lower limbs, non-preferred limb (with the ankle weight) had lower contact time (p < 0.001 and ES > 0.8), higher stride length (p < 0.05 and ES > 0.3) and higher stride frequency in asymmetrical condition (p < 0.01 and ES > 0.4). However, no differences were observed on skin temperature between both feet in the two conditions in any of the ROIs assessed (p > 0.05). Although the asymmetry generation model used provoked technical asymmetries in spatio-temporal parameters during running, no thermal asymmetries were observed between preferred and non-preferred foot sole. These results suggested the lower importance of mechanical than physiological mechanisms on skin temperature during running.
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