Insoles vs exercise for flatfeet in obese individuals

NewsBot · Jan 5, 2016

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To Study the Effectiveness of Corrective Exercises and
Insole Placement on Flatfoot in Overweight Individuals
Rajan Balakrishnan, Swapneela Jacob, Deebashini Nair
International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health 2015; 2(2): 184-188

Background: The studies had been attempt to determine the effectiveness of corrective exercises and
insole placement on flatfoot in overweight individuals but it appears that the results are varied. A study
on the effectiveness of corrective exercises and insole placement on flatfoot in overweight individuals
resulted that exercise alone provide less improvement on medial longitudinal arch. Another study on
efficiency of corrective exercises and insole placements on flatfoot in overweight individuals provides
greater improvement on medial longitudinal arch than the study on the effects of insole placement alone
on flatfoot in overweight individuals.
Purpose: The main purpose of this studies is to determine the presence of flatfoot in overweight
individuals and to determine the effect of insole placement and foot corrective exercises on flat foot in
overweight individuals.
Subjects and Methods: The 30 overweight individuals with BMI of 25-29.9 between 20 to 30 years old
with flatfoot was divided into 3 groups that receive insole only (n = 10), group that receive corrective
exercise only (n = 10) and a group that receive insole and corrective exercises (n = 10). The outcome of
footprint was measured based on The Foot Print Angle (FA) proposed by Forriol and Pascual.
Measurement of the Body Mass Index (BMI) of the subject was measured based on Standard
International (SI) Unit. Measurements of BMI and Footprints Angle was taken on pretest initially and
then followed by 4th, 8th and 12th week. Measurements of each individuals was recorded to evaluate the
effectiveness of interventions.
Results: There was a significant different in Group A (Insole group) on left side at the level p< 0.0001 [
R square=0.8124, mean=27.40], and on right side at the level p<0.0001 [ R square=0.7664, mean=27.70],
In Group B on left side, there was a significant different at the level p=0.0269 [ R square =0.416,
mean=5] and on right side at the level p=0.0234 [ R square= 0.4169, mean=6.4]. In Group C on left side,
there was a significant different at the level p=<0.0001 [R square=0.8994, mean=43.1] and on right side
at the level of p<0.0001 [R square=0.7997, mean= 35.2].
Application of insoles shows a greater significant value than the exercise with the mean difference of
(21.85). Corrective exercises alone shows less significant compared to Insole placement and corrective
exercises with the mean differences of (33.45). Insole placement and corrective exercises shows greater
significant compared to Insoleplacement alone with the mean differences of (11.6). This indicates the
data from the table supported the alternate hypotheses of the study and rejected the null hypotheses.
Conclusion: This studies concluded that the combination of insole and corrective exercises has greater
significant in improving medial longitudinal arch than exercise and insole alone.
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NewsBot · Oct 13, 2019

Can an insole for obese individuals maintain the arch of the foot against repeated hyper loading?
Yuki Saito, Takako S. Chikenji, Yuichi Takata, Tomoaki Kamiya & Eiichi Uchiyama
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders: 11 October 2019

Background
Insoles are often applied as preventive therapy of flatfoot deformity, but the therapeutic effects on obese individuals are still controversial. We aimed to investigate the effect of insole use on time-dependent changes in the foot arch during a repeated-loading simulation designed to represent 20,000 contiguous steps in individuals with a BMI value in the range of 30–40 kg/m2.

Methods
Eighteen cadaveric feet were randomly divided into the following three groups: normal, obese, and insole. Ten thousand cyclic loadings of 500 N (normal group) or 1000 N (obese and insole groups) were applied to the feet. We measured time-dependent change in arch height and calculated the bony arch index (BAI), arch flexibility, and energy absorption.

Results
The normal group maintained more than 0.21 BAI, which is the diagnostic criterion for a normal arch, throughout the 10,000 cycles; however, BAI was less than 0.21 at 1000 cycles in the obese group (mean, 0.203; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.196–0.209) and at 6000 cycles in the insole group (mean, 0.200; 95% CI, 0.191–0.209). Although there was a significant time-dependent decrease in flexibility and energy absorption in both the obese and insole groups (P < 0.001), the difference between 1 and 10,000 cycles were significantly smaller in the insole group than in the obese group (P = 0.024).

Conclusions
Use of insoles for obese individuals may help to slow time-dependent foot structural changes. However, the effect was not enough to maintain the foot structure against repeated hyper loadings.
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