Symmetry of Bilateral Hallux Valgus Deformity

NewsBot · Aug 19, 2021

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Symmetry of Bilateral Hallux Valgus Deformity: A Prospective Observational Study
S. A. Crooks, T. L. Lewis, R. Ray, D. J. Gordon
13 August 2021

Introduction
Hallux valgus (HV) is a common anatomical deformity leading to pain and difficulty with footwear and mobility. Bilateral HV deformity is much more common than unilateral although it remains unclear whether the severity of deformity is equal between feet. The objective was to investigate the severity and symmetry of HV in patients with bilateral symptomatic deformity presenting for surgery.

Materials and Methods
Weight-bearing radiographs of patients presenting with symptomatic bilateral HV were reviewed. The hallux valgus angle (HVA) and intermetatarsal angle (IMA) were measured and classified as mild, moderate or severe. Left-to-right comparison was undertaken to assess whether the degree of deformity was similar for each foot. The relationship between age, HVA and IMA was also assessed.

Results
Between July 2014 and June 2020, 322 feet (161 patients with bilateral deformity) underwent corrective HV surgery. Of those, 6.8%, 64.6% and 28.4% were classified as mild, moderate and severe, respectively on the left side, and on the right 6.2%, 67.7% and 26.1% were classified as mild, moderate and severe respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between feet for either IMA (p = 0.06) or HVA (p = 0.85). There was a moderate correlation (R = 0.41, p = <0.001) between HVA and IMA. There was only a ‘weak’ or ‘very weak’ correlation between age and HVA or IMA.

Conclusion
Patients presenting for surgery with symptomatic bilateral HV have symmetrical moderate radiographic deformity at the time they present for consideration of surgical intervention.
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