The navicular position test

NewsBot · Sep 10, 2011

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The navicular position test - a reliable measure of the navicular bone position during rest and loading.
Spörndly-Nees S, Dåsberg B, Nielsen RO, Boesen MI, Langberg H.
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2011 Sep;6(3):199-205.

BACKGROUND:
Lower limb injuries are a large problem in athletes. However, there is a paucity of knowledge on the relationship between alignment of the medial longitudinal arch (MLA) of the foot and development of such injuries. A reliable and valid test to quantify foot type is needed to be able to investigate the relationship between arch type and injury likelihood. Feiss Line is a valid clinical measure of the MLA. However, no study has investigated the reliability of the test.

OBJECTIVES:
The purpose was to describe a modified version of the Feiss Line test and to determine the intra- and inter-tester reliability of this new foot alignment test. To emphasize the purpose of the modified test, the authors have named it The Navicular Position Test.

METHODS:
Intra- and inter-tester reliability were evaluated of The Navicular Position Test with the use of ICC (interclass correlation coefficient) and Bland-Altman limits of agreement on 43 healthy, young, subjects.

RESULTS:
Inter-tester mean difference -0.35 degrees [-1.32; 0.62] p = 0.47. Bland-Altman limits of agreement -6.55 to 5.85 degrees, ICC = 0.94. Intra-tester mean difference 0.47 degrees [-0.57; 1.50] p = 0.37. Bland-Altman limits of agreement -6.15 to 7.08 degrees, ICC = 0.91.

DISCUSSION:
The present data support The Navicular Position Test as a reliable test of the navicular bone position during rest and loading measured in a simple test set-up.

CONCLUSION:
The Navicular Position Test was shown to have a high intraday-, intra- and inter-tester reliability. When cut off values to categorize the MLA into planus, rectus, or cavus feet, has been determined and presented, the test could be used in prospective observational studies investigating the role of the arch type on the development of various lower limb injuries.
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NewsBot · Jan 9, 2012

Navicula Drop Test Ad Modum Brody
Does It Show How the Foot Moves Under Dynamic Conditions?
Michael Skovdal Rathleff, Rasmus Gottschalk Nielsen, and Uwe G. Kersting
JAPMA January/February 2012 vol. 102 no. 1 34-38

Background: Understanding foot motion and function during activity is essential for clinicians because different foot types may require different treatment or rehabilitation strategies. Brody introduced the static navicular drop (ND) test, which was meant as a quick clinical test to estimate foot pronation during dynamic conditions. However, how well static ND predicts dynamic ND during walking has never been investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate how well static ND corresponds to dynamic measures of ND during treadmill walking.

Methods: A custom video analysis system was used to assess dynamic ND during treadmill walking. The ND test ad modum Brody was used to evaluate static ND.

Results: Static ND showed a significant correlation with dynamic ND (r = 0.357, r2 = 0.127, P < .001). Navicular height at heel strike demonstrated a significant correlation with navicular height at the start position of static ND (r = 0.756, r2 = 0.571 P < .001). Minimal navicular height during walking was significantly correlated with the end position of static ND (r = 0.951, r2 = 0.904, P < .001).

Conclusions: This study of asymptomatic individuals did not confirm that static ND can be used to individually predict dynamic ND during treadmill walking. It was demonstrated that the start position of Brody’s test is not well correlated with navicular height at heel strike, with this being the main reason for the weak relationship between static and dynamic ND measures.
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Admin2 · Jan 10, 2012

Related threads:
Other threads tagged with navicular drop

NewsBot · Apr 13, 2013

Navicular index for differentiation of flatfoot from normal foot.
Roth S, Roth A, Jotanovic Z, Madarevic T.
Int Orthop. 2013 Apr 12.

PURPOSE:
The height of navicular bone from the floor is in proportion with the height of longitudinal arch of the foot. The study was conducted to evaluate correlation of navicular bone height with most often used angles, heel valgus and a foot print in order to simplify the procedure for the diagnosis of flatfoot.

METHODS:
A total of 218 operated children (436 feet) because of flexible flatfoot were evaluated clinically and radiologically. Meary angle, lateral talonavicular angle, talocalcaneal angle, calcaneal pitch, heel valgus and arch index (Staheli) were evaluated pre-operatively and postoperatively. In 121 (242 feet) chosen children (age eight to 15) with all clinical values and pre-operative angles corresponding flatfoot, all postoperatively measured values were within the normal range. We got the navicular index by dividing length of longitudinal arch with navicular height. Values of navicular index were then compared with pre-operatively and postoperatively measured values. Pearson correlation and ROC test were used for statistical analysis.

RESULTS:
Values of the navicular index for flatfeet were in the interval from 4.75 to 31.2 (median 8.98), and for normal-arched feet 3.58-22.6 (median 5.48). Pearson correlation of arch index and measured parameters were significant in majority, and degree according to Colton was good. Area under the ROC curve was 0.861 (p = 0.0001). The cut-off value with 86 % sensitivity and 75 % specificity was 6.7407.

CONCLUSION:
Navicular index can be used reliably, without measures of the other parameters, to differentiate flatfoot from normal-arched foot. Therefore, the navicular index has an ability to distinguish between the flatfoot and normal-arched foot.
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