Comparison of plantar loads during treadmill and overground running.
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Hong Y, Wang L, Li JX, Zhou JH.
J Sci Med Sport. 2012 May 29
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Running economy and running performance
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The Effects of a Prefabricated Foot Orthotic on Lower Extremity Mechanics During Running in Individu
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Comparison of vertical ground reaction forces during overground and treadmill
running. A validation study
Bas Kluitenberg, Steef W Bredeweg, Sjouke Zijlstra, Wiebren Zijlstra, Ida Buist
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2012, 13:235 doi:10.1186/1471-2474-13-235
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What I have noticed about the difference between treadmill and overground running is that generally, unless the person is experienced in treadmill running, the treadmill causes shortening of the stride and a tendency toward flat foot or forefoot strike.
This would account for the reduced GRF noted in the 1st research abstract above.
Plus treadmills have more flexible, compliant landing surface than normal ground especially if the ground is concrete or tarmac, so resulting in force attenuation..
Regards Dave Smith -
Treadmill versus overground and barefoot versus shod comparisons of triceps surae fascicle behaviour in human walking and running
Neil J. Cronin, Taija Finni
Gait & Posture; Article in Press
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Effect of overground vs treadmill running on plantar pressure: Influence of fatigue
José A. García-Pérez, Pedro Pérez-Soriano, Salvador Llana, Alfonso Martínez-Nova, Daniel Sánchez-Zuriaga
Gait & Posture; Article in Press
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Kinematic Analysis of Hip and Knee Joints between Barefoot and Shod Treadmill Running
Stephanie E. Lloyd
Hons Thesis; Bridgewater State Univeristy. 2013 -
Changes in Gait During Constant Pace Treadmill Running
Hanley, Brian; Mohan, Anna
Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research: 15 July 2013
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Self-paced versus fixed speed treadmill walking
L.H. Sloot, M.M. van der Krogt, J. Harlaar
Gait & Posture; Article in Press
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Investigation of treadmill and overground running: Implications for the measurement of oxygen cost in children with developmental coordination disorder
L.C. Chia, M.K. Licari, K.J. Guelfi, S.L. Reid
Gait & Posture; Article in Press
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Tibiocalcaneal kinematics during treadmill and overground running
Jonathan Sinclair, Paul J Taylor
The Foot and Ankle Online Journal 7 (2): 8
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Gender and Age-Related Differences in Bilateral Lower Extremity Mechanics during Treadmill Running
Angkoon Phinyomark, Blayne A. Hettinga, Sean T. Osis, Reed Ferber
PLOSOne Aug 2014
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Running performance, pace strategy, and thermoregulation differ between a treadmill and indoor track.
Heesch, Matthew W.S.; Slivka, Dustin R.
Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research: August 26, 2014
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From Time magazine:
Is Running on a Treadmill as Good as Running Outside? -
Shoe drop has opposite influence on running pattern when running overground or on a treadmill
Nicolas Chambon, Nicolas Delattre, Nils Guéguen, Eric Berton, Guillaume Rao
European Journal of Applied Physiology; December 2014
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Treadmill vs. Overground Running Gait During Childhood: a Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis
Adam Rozumalski, Tom F. Novacheck, Chad Griffith, Katie Walt, Michael H. Schwartz
Gait and Posture; in press
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Activity of lower limb muscles during treadmill running at different velocities
Keiichi Tsuji, Hiroyasu Ishida, Kaori Oba, Tsutomu Ueki, Yuichiro Fujihashi
Journal of Physical Therapy Science; Vol. 27 (2015) No. 2 February p. 353-356
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Dynamic navicular motion measured using a stretch sensor is different between walking and running, and between over-ground and treadmill conditions
Christian J Barton, Simon L Kappel, Peter Ahrendt, Ole Simonsen and Michael S Rathleff
Journal of Foot and Ankle Research 2015, 8:5 doi:10.1186/s13047-015-0063-z
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Not running:
Kinetic comparison of walking on a treadmill versus over ground in children with cerebral palsy
Marjolein M. van der Krogt, Lizeth H. Sloot, Annemieke I. Buizer, Jaap Harlaar
Jnl of Biomech; Article in Press
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A Comparison of Variability in Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters between Treadmill and Overground Walking Conditions
John H. Hollman, Molly K. Watkins, Angela C. Imhoff, Carly E. Braun, Kristen A. Akervik, Debra K. Ness
Gait & Posture; Article in Press
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Biomechanical and perceived differences between overground and treadmill walking in children with cerebral palsy
Taeyou Jung, Yumi Kim, Luke E. Kelly, Mark F. Abel
Gait and Posture; Article in Press
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Here's the comment I left on Griff's website regarding treadmill vs overground running:
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Treadmill Walking is not Equivalent to Overground Walking for the Study of Walking Smoothness and Rhythmicity in Older Adults
Brandi S. Row Lazzarini, Theodore J. Kataras
Gait and Postue; Article in Press
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Patellofemoral Joint and Achilles Tendon Loads During Overground and Treadmill Running
Richard W. Willy et al
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, Epub 12 May 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6494
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Stride Length, Frequency, And Velocity Relationships During Treadmill And Overground Running.
John A. Mercer et al
Presented at the ACSM Annual Meeting; Boston 2016
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Leg Impact Accelerations And Ground Reaction Forces During Running On A Treadmill And Overground.
Luis Flores et al
Presented at the ACSM Annual Meeting; Boston 2016
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Tibial impacts and muscle activation during walking, jogging and running when performed overground, and on motorised and non-motorised treadmills
G. Montgomery, G. Abt, C. Dobson, T. Smith, M. Ditroilo
Gait and Posture; Article in Press
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Hat tip: http://www.running-physio.com/
Attached Files:
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Metabolic cost of running is greater on a treadmill with a stiffer running platform
James A. H. Smith, Alexander D. McKerrow & Tertius A. Kohn
Journal of Sports Sciences ; 30 Aug 2016
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Dynamic gait stability of treadmill versus overground walking in young adults
Feng Yang, , George A. King
Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology; 20 September 2016
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Variability of segment coordination using a vector coding technique: Reliability analysis for treadmill walking and running
Jocelyn F. Hafer et al
Gait and Posture; Article in Press
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Overground vs. Treadmill Walking on Biomechanical Energy Harvesting: an Energetics and EMG Study
Jean-Paul Martinemail, Qingguo Li
Gait and Posture; Article in Press
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Old study, just came across; added for completeness:
A 1% treadmill grade most accurately reflects the energetic cost of outdoor running.
Jones AM, Doust JH.
J Sports Sci. 1996 Aug;14(4):321-7.
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It strikes me that if we truly want to understand how the foot has evolved to function, and thus better understand the pathologies that affect it, then studies are required that focus on the habitually unshod foot . Furthermore ,I feel the substrate in such studies should be a sandy soil both before and after periods of rain .
The role of the unshod forefoot in locomotion cannot possibly be fully evaluated on a treadmill or other hard flat surface .
Gerry -
Split-belt Treadmill Walking Alters Lower Extremity Frontal Plane Mechanics
Jaimie A Roper et al
Journal of Applied Biomechanics: Ahead of Print
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Blog post:
GO AHEAD, RUN ON THAT TREADMILL -
Comparison of body’s center of mass motion relative to center of pressure between treadmill and over-ground walking
Hsuan-Lun Lu et al
Gait & Posture; Article in Press
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Running economy and running performance
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The Effects of a Prefabricated Foot Orthotic on Lower Extremity Mechanics During Running in Individu
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