Twelve steps per foot are recommended for valid and reliable in-shoe plantar pressure data

NewsBot · Jun 7, 2011

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Twelve steps per foot are recommended for valid and reliable in-shoe plantar pressure data in neuropathic diabetic patients wearing custom made footwear.
Arts ML, Bus SA.
Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2011 Jun 2. [Epub ahead of print

BACKGROUND:
Dynamic in-shoe plantar pressure assessment is used both in research and clinical practice to evaluate therapeutic footwear interventions in neuropathic diabetic patients. The aim was to determine the required number of footsteps for reliable and valid in-shoe plantar pressure data in these patients.

METHODS:
In 30 neuropathic diabetic patients wearing custom-made therapeutic footwear, in-shoe plantar pressures were measured for a minimum of 20 midgait walking steps per foot. For each incremental number of steps and for each of six anatomical regions per foot, peak pressure, pressure-time integral, contact area, contact time, and force-time integral were calculated. Reliability was assessed by calculating intraclass correlation coefficients. Validity was assessed by calculating the coefficient of variation between each n-step protocol and the 20-step reference protocol based on Limits of Agreement analysis. Data was considered reliable with intraclass correlation coefficients >0.90 and valid with coefficients of variation <10%.

FINDINGS:
Three steps per foot were required to obtain reliable data for each foot region and parameter. Depending on the parameter, between 7 and 17 steps per foot were required to obtain valid data. With the exception of deviant outcomes in three forefoot regions for force-time integral, overall 12 steps per foot were required for valid data.

INTERPRETATION:
For neuropathic diabetic patients wearing custom-made therapeutic footwear, 12 midgait steps per foot are required to obtain valid and reliable in-shoe plantar pressure data. This provides directions for the use of in-shoe plantar pressure analysis in research and clinical practice in this patient group.
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Admin2 · Jun 8, 2011

Related threads:
Other threads on plantar pressures

musmed · Jun 9, 2011

obviously they threw in Judas to allay all possilbe forms of error!
12 indeed.
sounds good
regards
musmed
bloody freezing down here. coldest ever in NSW!

NewsBot · Jul 15, 2022

Footsteps required for reliable and valid in-shoe plantar pressure assessment during gait per foot region in people with hallux valgus
HirokiOkawara et al
Gait & Posture; 13 July 2022

Background
Plantar pressure assessment is commonly performed to identify pathognomonic gait characteristics and evaluate therapeutics against them in people with various foot disorders. Little is known about the reliability and validity of this assessment in people with hallux valgus (HV) per foot region.

Research question
This study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the in-shoe plantar pressure measurement method during gait in people with HV and the required number of footsteps, as an intra-subject sample size, to ensure a reliable and valid use of this method.

Methods
With an inserted disposable insole plantar pressure sensor in shoes, 17 females with HV (HV angle > 15°) completed three gait trials over the ground at a comfortable speed. Peak plantar pressure data and its distribution in 15 stance phases on the foot clinically diagnosed with HV in each participant were extracted by dividing the foot into eight regions. The intraclass correlation coefficient per foot region and the number of footsteps required to produce a valid peak plantar pressure and distribution (intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.90) were used to measure reliability. Based on the limit of agreement analysis, the coefficient of variation between the averaged value from each incremental footstep (2–14 footsteps) and 15 reference footsteps was calculated.

Results
The intraclass correlation coefficient of plantar pressure assessment with the in-shoe sensor was 0.606–0.847 in the eight foot regions in people with HV. Additionally, the number of steps required for a valid assessment ranged from two to nine. Hence, the application of averaged values from more than nine footsteps is recommended for this evaluation.

Significance
This reference sample size is intended to be used in future studies and clinical settings to determine the efficacy of HV treatment.
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