Function of the sesamoids

NewsBot · Oct 4, 2022

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Displacement of the Metatarsal Sesamoids in Relation to First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Extension
Mackenzie French et al
Foot Ankle Orthop. 2022 Sep 26;7(3)

Background: Quantifying normal sesamoid movement in relation to first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ1) motion is essential to identifying aberrant kinematics and understanding how they may contribute to forefoot pain and dysfunction. The present study aims to report sesamoid displacement in relation to MTPJ1 extension and to compare sesamoid displacement with MTPJ1 range of motion (ROM) from several imaging modalities.

Methods: Using 10 fresh frozen cadaveric feet, sesamoid displacement was evaluated during simulated MTPJ1 extension. The ability of 3 MTPJ1 measurement techniques (goniometry, fluoroscopy, and unloaded cone beam computed tomography [CBCT]) in predicting sesamoid displacement were compared. Kinematics were expressed in a coordinate frame based on the specimen-specific first metatarsal anatomy, and descriptive statistics are reported.

Results: In the sagittal plane in both neutral and maximally extended positions, the tibial sesamoid was located on average more anteriorly than the fibular sesamoid. The angular displacement of the tibial and fibular sesamoids in the sagittal plane were 30.2 ± 14.3 degrees and 35.8 ± 10.6 degrees, respectively. In the transverse plane, both sesamoids trended toward the body midline from neutral to maximum extension. The intersesamoidal distance remained constant throughout ROM. Of the 3 measurement techniques, MTPJ1 ROM from CBCT correlated best (R 2 = 0.62 and 0.81 [P < .05] for the tibial and fibular sesamoid, respectively) with sagittal plane sesamoid ROM.

Conclusion: The sesamoids were displaced anteriorly and medially in relation to increasing MTPJ1 extension. CBCT was the most correlated clinical imaging technique in relating MTPJ1 extension with sesamoid displacement.

Clinical significance: This study advances our understanding of the biomechanical function of the sesamoids, which is required for both MTPJ1 pathology interventions and implant design. These findings support the use of low-dose CBCT as the information gathered provides more accurate detail about bone position compared with other imaging methods.
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NewsBot · Oct 4, 2022

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Sesamoiditis

NewsBot · Aug 7, 2023

Change in the sub-sesamoid soft tissue thickness
under different loading conditions
Zijian Liu, MS et al
J. Phys. Ther. Sci. 35: 602–607, 2023

[Purpose] To measure the sub-sesamoid soft tissue thickness change from non-loading to self-weight
loading conditions. [Participants and Methods] The study included 17 female participants for the study. A questionnaire was used to collect the demographic data and participant anamnesis, such as the presence of foot injuries and
diabetes. The measured height and weight were used to calculate the body mass index. Participants were required
to stand on an evaluation device from non-loading to 100% loading conditions to measure the sub-sesamoid soft
tissue thickness. [Results] Significant differences were observed between the tibial and fibular sub-sesamoid soft
tissue thicknesses under non-loading and all loading conditions. Significant soft tissue thinning was observed with
a change from non-loading to 25% loading condition. However, no significant differences in the rate of change were
observed between the tibial and fibular sub-sesamoid soft tissue thicknesses at 100% loading. [Conclusion] The
sub-fibular sesamoid soft tissue was thicker than the sub-tibial sesamoid soft tissue in all loading conditions. The
sub-sesamoid soft tissue thickness change was larger during initial loading stage than during the late loading stage,
which may be normal in healthy females in their 20s
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NewsBot The Admin that posts the news.

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