Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are the chronic, non-healing complications of diabetic mellitus which compels a significant burden to the patients and the healthcare system. Peripheral vascular disease, diabetic neuropathy, and abnormal cellular and cytokine/chemokine activity are among the prime players which exacerbate the severity and prevent wound reapir. Unlike acute wounds, DFUs impose a substantial challenge to the conventional wound dressings and demand the development of novel and advanced wound healing modalities. In general, an ideal wound dressing should provide a moist wound environment, offer protection from secondary infections, eliminate wound exudate and stimulate tissue regeneration. To date, numerous conventional wound dressings are employed for the management of DFUs but there is a lack of absolute and versatile choice. The current review was aimed to summarize and critically discuss all the available evidence related to the pharmaceutical and therapeutic viability of polymer-based dressings for the treatment of DFUs. A versatile range of naturally-orignated polymers including chitosan (CS), hyaluronic acid (HA), cellulose, algninate, dextran, collagen, gelatin, elatin, fibrin and silk fibroin have been utilized for the treatment of DFUs. These polymers have been used in the form of hydrogels, films, hydrocolloids, foams, membranes, scaffolds, microparticles, and nanoparticles. Moreover, the wound healing viability and clinical applicability of various mutually modified, semi-synthetic or synthetic polymers has also been critically discussed. In summary, this review enlighten most recent developments in polymer-based wound dressings with special emphasis to advanced polymeric biomaterials, innovative therapeutic strategies and delivery approaches for the treatment of DFUs.
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