Girls suffer more overuse injuries in teen sports

NewsBot · Jun 25, 2015

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Girls suffer more overuse injuries in teen sports
Study names top sports for 'overuse' injuries, girls at higher risk than boys

COLUMBUS, Ohio - A new study performed by researchers at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center shows that when it comes to overuse injuries in high school sports, girls are at a much higher risk than boys. Overuse injuries include stress fractures, tendonitis and joint pain, and occur when athletes are required to perform the same motion repeatedly.

The study published in April in the Journal of Pediatrics. Dr. Thomas Best analyzed 3,000 male and female injury cases over a seven year period across 20 high school sports such as soccer, volleyball, gymnastics and lacrosse.

Best and his team found the highest rate of overuse injuries occurred in girls track (3.82), followed by girls field hockey (2.93) and girls lacrosse (2.73). Overuse injuries in boys were most found in swimming and diving (1.3).

"These young people spend more time playing sports both in competition and in practice. So, there's a correlation there between the amount of time that they're playing and the increased incidence of injuries," said Best, who is also a professor and Pomerene chair in Ohio State's department of family medicine.

The participation and intensity of high school athletics has increased over the past decade. According to Best, some high school athletes spend more than 18 hours a week participating in athletics and many participate in multiple sports concurrently.

Best says the lower leg is the most common site of overuse injuries, followed by the knee and then the shoulder. He recommends teen athletes should vary their movement and play more than one sport. He also tells his patients to make rest and nutrition a priority.

"During this point of their lives, this is when girls are developing bones at the greatest rate," Best said. "It's incredibly important that they're getting the proper amounts of calcium and vitamin D."

Among athletes, overuse injuries account for half of all athletic injuries and twice as many visits to sports medicine physicians than acute trauma. These injuries are known to be more prevalent in children ages 13-*17.
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NewsBot · Jun 25, 2015

Epidemiology of Overuse Injuries among High-School Athletes in the United States
Allison N. Schroeder, BS, R. Dawn Comstock, PhD, Christy L. Collins, MA, Joshua Everhart, MD, David Flanigan, MD, Thomas M. Best, MD, PhD
Jnl of Pediatrics; March 2015 Volume 166, Issue 3, Pages 600–606

Objective
To examine high school overuse injury rates and patterns by sex and sport.

Study design
High school athletes participating in the High School Reporting Information Online study were examined in a descriptive epidemiologic study. Overuse injury data for the 2006/2007-2011/2012 academic years collected via High School Reporting Information Online from a large national sample of US high schools where certified athletic trainers completed detailed injury reports were evaluated.

Results
From 2006/2007 to 2011/2012, a total of 2834 overuse injuries were reported during 18 889 141 athletic exposures (1.50 per 10 000 athletic exposures). Girls had greater rates of overuse injury (1.88) than boys (1.26) (rate ratio 1.50, 95% CI 1.39-1.61). The greatest rates were in girls' track and field (3.82) and girls' field hockey (2.93). Overuse injuries represented 7.7% of all injuries, ranging from a low of 1.4% of all boys' ice hockey injuries to a high of 55.7% of all boys' swimming and diving injuries. Overall, overuse injuries were evenly distributed across athletes in each year of high school (freshman, 25.6%; sophomore, 25.3%; junior, 24.9%; senior, 24.3%). However, there were distinct differences by sex. The most frequent site of injury was the lower leg (21.8%). Injuries most frequently resulted in time loss of less than 1 week (50.0%), with only 7.6% resulting in time loss greater than 3 weeks.

Conclusions
Overuse injury patterns differed by sex and sport. A better understanding of overuse injury patterns and criteria for return to play may help direct preventative measures and injury management.
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NewsBot · Sep 19, 2017

Epidemiology of Overuse Injuries in Youth Team Sports: A 3-year Prospective Study
Mari Leppänen et al
Int J Sports Med

Prospective studies on overuse injuries and their impact on athletic training among youth team sports are scarce. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence, severity and player related risk factors of overuse injuries among young (12–20 years) basketball and floorball players. A total of 387 players participated in a 3-year prospective study. Each player completed a baseline questionnaire regarding their background information. Overuse injuries that prevented players to fully or partly participate in their regular training were collected. In all, 204 overuse injuries were registered (injury incidence 1.51 injuries/1 000 h of exposure; 95% CI 1.35–1.78). Most of the injuries involved the knee (35%) and lower back (21%), and were classified as severe (44%). Injury incidence was 1.51 (95% CI 1.2–1.82) and 1.61 (95% CI 1.32–1.91) in basketball and floorball, respectively. Incidence was significantly higher among female compared with male players (incidence rate ratio 1.58; 95% CI 1.20–2.09). Previous injury and playing at adult level were the strongest factors associated with occurrence of an overuse injury. In conclusion, overuse injuries of the knee and low back are relatively common in youth basketball and floorball. Effective prevention strategies as well as training load monitoring is needed in youth team sports.
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NewsBot · May 31, 2021

Sex differences in injury rates in team-sport athletes: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis
Astrid Zech et al
J Sport Health Sci. 2021 May 27

Background: Team-sport players have a particularly high injury risk. Although female sex is considered as a risk factor, it is still unknown whether female and male team-sport players in fact differ in their injury rates. We aimed to compare injury rates between female and male players by systematically reviewing and meta-analyzing injury surveillance studies with both sexes in order to evaluate sex-specific differences in team-sport injuries.

Methods: Studies that prospectively collected injury data for high-level female and male players (age ≥16 years) in basketball, field hockey, football (soccer), handball, rugby (union and sevens), and volleyball were included. Two reviewers (AZ and AL) independently assessed study quality and extracted data for overall, match, training, and severe injuries (>28 days' time loss) as well as data regarding injury locations and types. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were pooled in a meta-analysis, and meta-regression analysis was performed when 10 or more studies were available.

Results: Out of 20 studies, 9 studies reported injury data from football, 3 studies from rugby, 3 studies from handball, 1 study from basketball, 1 study from field hockey, 2 studies from volleyball, and 1 study from basketball and field hockey. For overall injuries, the pooled IRR (0.86; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.76-0.98) indicated significantly more injuries in male than in female players. For injury location, the pooled IRR showed higher injury rates in male athletes than in female athletes for upper extremity, hip/groin, thigh, and foot injuries. Female players had a significantly higher rate of anterior cruciate ligament injuries (IRR = 2.15, 95%CI: 1.27-3.62) than male players did. No significant sex-specific differences in IRR were found for match, training, severe injuries, concussions, and ankle sprains.

Conclusion: Our meta-analysis provides evidence for sex-specific differences in the injury rates in team sports. Further epidemiological studies including both sexes in sports other than football are needed in order to strengthen the evidence.
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