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The effect of the menstrual cycle on running economy

Discussion in 'Break Room' started by NewsBot, May 13, 2020.

  1. NewsBot

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    The effect of the menstrual cycle on running economy
    Esther GOLDSMITH, Mark GLAISTER
    The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness 2020 April;60(4):610-7
     
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    The Effects of Menstrual Cycle Phase on Exercise Performance in Eumenorrheic Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Kelly Lee McNulty, Kirsty Jayne Elliott-Sale, Eimear Dolan, Paul Alan Swinton, Paul Ansdell, Stuart Goodall, Kevin Thomas & Kirsty Marie Hicks
    Sports Medicine (2020)
     
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    The Effects of Oral Contraceptives on Exercise Performance in Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
    Kirsty J. Elliott-Sale, Kelly L. McNulty, Paul Ansdell, Stuart Goodall, Kirsty M. Hicks, Kevin Thomas, Paul A. Swinton & Eimear Dolan
    Sports Medicine (2020)
     
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    How the menstrual cycle and menstruation affect sporting performance: experiences and perceptions of elite female rugby players
    Rebekka J Findlay et al
    British Journal of Sports Medicine 2020;54:1108-1113.
     
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    NEWS RELEASE 28-OCT-2020
    Menstrual dysfunction is more common among young athletes than among non-athletes
    Athletes experience less body weight dissatisfaction than non-athletes do


    Menstrual dysfunction is more prevalent in young Finnish athletes than it is among non-athletes of a similar age, but athletes experience less body weight dissatisfaction than non-athletes do. These findings are from a recent study at the Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences at the University of Jyväskylä, Finland. The study was conducted among members of sports clubs who exercised at least four times a week (athletes) and non-members (non-athletes).

    The current study used data from the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) study, in which a cohort of athletes and non-athletes in adolescence (14-16 years) and subsequently in young adulthood (18-20 years) were investigated.

    The findings of the study showed that in adolescence, 18% of both athletes and non-athletes reported menstrual dysfunction. However, 8% of the athletes reported primary amenorrhea (absence of menses by the age of 15) in contrast to the non-athletes group, where the prevalence of primary amenorrhea was 0%. In young adulthood, the prevalence of menstrual dysfunction in athletes was 39%, while 6% of the non-athletes reported menstrual dysfunction. In this study, menstrual dysfunction was defined as follows: primary amenorrhea, prolonged menstrual cycle (>35 days) or absence of menses for at least three consecutive months (secondary amenorrhea).

    "We did not investigate the reasons for menstrual dysfunction, but we know from previous studies that one of the most common reasons for menstrual dysfunction is low energy availability (i.e., inadequate energy intake relative to exercise energy expenditure)," explains Suvi Ravi, the corresponding author and a PhD student at the Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences.

    "The human body is wise, and in this kind of situation it allocates energy to the functions essential for survival and reduces energy allocation for the systems that are not so essential for life, such as reproductive function."

    The present study also assessed body weight dissatisfaction among the participants. The results showed that athletes were more satisfied with their weight and had less desire to lose weight than non-athletes did. Despite this, in both age groups about 20% of the athletes and about 40% of the non-athletes reported body weight dissatisfaction.

    "This is concerning since we know that body weight dissatisfaction can result in disordered eating," Ravi says.

    "Attention should be paid to young people's body weight dissatisfaction as well as menstrual dysfunction in order to prevent future health problems, such as disordered eating and impaired bone mineral density, which can result from low energy availability and menstrual dysfunction."
     
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