I am absolutely baffled by aspects of this paper, which contains material which seems to me to make no sense .
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The specific part of the paper I am referring to is the part which deals with the windlass at initial contact .
It has long been recognized that in the habitually shod western foot ,the toes are dorsiflexed at initial contact and that during weight acceptance the plantar fascia is does not initially lengthen as the toes plantar flex . In fact I think that Caravaggi et al 2009 found that there was a lengthening of the plantar fascia at initial contact .
In Welte et al the authors suggest that having the toes initially dorsiflexed protects the PF from strain and instead sees the plantar ligaments load preferentially . But why would having the toes dorsiflexed be any different than neutral ?
The extensibility of the plantar fascia influences the windlass mechanism during human running
Lauren Welte,
Luke A. Kelly
,
Sarah E. Kessler
,
Daniel E. Lieberman
,
Susan E. D'Andrea
,
Glen A. Lichtwark
and
Michael J. Rainbow
Published:20 January 2021https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.2095
Abstract
The arch of the human foot is unique among hominins as it is compliant at ground contact but sufficiently stiff to enable push-off. These behaviours are partly facilitated by the ligamentous plantar fascia whose role is central to two mechanisms. The ideal windlass mechanism assumes that the plantar fascia has a nearly constant length to directly couple toe dorsiflexion with a change in arch shape. However, the plantar fascia also stretches and then shortens throughout gait as the arch-spring stores and releases elastic energy. We aimed to understand how the extensible plantar fascia could behave as an ideal windlass when it has been shown to strain throughout gait, potentially compromising the one-to-one coupling between toe arc length and arch length. We measured foot bone motion and plantar fascia elongation using high-speed X-ray during running. We discovered that toe plantarflexion delays plantar fascia stretching at foot strike, which probably modifies the distribution of the load through other arch tissues. Through a pure windlass effect in propulsion, a quasi-isometric plantar fascia's shortening is delayed to later in stance. The plantar fascia then shortens concurrently to the windlass mechanism, likely enhancing arch recoil at push-off
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Lower extremity joint stiffness characteristics during running with different footfall patterns
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Ultrasound guided corticosteroid injection for plantar fasciitis
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Lower extremity joint stiffness characteristics during running with different footfall patterns
|
Ultrasound guided corticosteroid injection for plantar fasciitis
>
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