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The Immediate Effect of Foot Orthoses on Subtalar Joint Mechanics and Energetics

Discussion in 'Biomechanics, Sports and Foot orthoses' started by mike weber, Jun 19, 2018.


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    The Immediate Effect of Foot Orthoses on Subtalar Joint Mechanics and Energetics
    MAHARAJ, JAYISHNI N.; CRESSWELL, ANDREW G.; LICHTWARK, GLEN A.

    Purpose Foot orthoses maybe used in the management of musculoskeletal disorders related to abnormal subtalar joint (STJ) pronation. However, the precise mechanical benefits of foot orthoses for preventing injuries associated with the STJ are not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the immediate effect of foot orthoses on the energy absorption requirements of the STJ and subsequently tibialis posterior (TP) muscle function.
    Methods Eighteen asymptomatic subjects with a pes planus foot posture were prescribed custom-made foot orthoses made from a plaster cast impression. Participants walked at preferred and fast velocities barefoot, with athletic footwear and with athletic footwear plus orthoses, as three-dimensional motion capture, force data, and intramuscular electromyography of the TP muscle were simultaneously collected. Statistical parametric mapping was used to identify time periods across the stride cycle during which footwear with foot orthoses significantly differed to barefoot and footwear only.
    Results During early stance, footwear alone and footwear with orthoses significantly reduced TP muscle activation (1%–12%), supination moments (3%–21%), and energy absorption (5%–12%) at the STJ, but had no effect on STJ pronation displacement.
    Conclusions The changes in TP muscle activation and STJ energy absorption were primarily attributed to footwear because the addition of foot orthoses provided little additional effect. We speculate that these results are most likely a result of the compliant material properties of footwear. These results suggest that athletic footwear may be sufficient to absorb energy in the frontal plane and potentially reducing any benefit associated with the addition of foot orthoses.

    https://journals.lww.com/acsm-msse/...e_Effect_of_Foot_Orthoses_on_Subtalar.13.aspx
     
  2. Pity they didn't link the amount of skiv to supination resistance or position of the STJ axis But interesting. The full text is available from the link
     
  3. Craig Payne

    Craig Payne Moderator

    Articles:
    8
    Posted it back in March https://podiatryarena.com/index.php...btalar-joint-mechanics-and-energetics.109937/
    Been meaning to blog about it since then … for some reason it has just gained a bit of traction in social media today.
    Yep; for orthotic dosing reasons and using the foot orthotics in a way that's not done in clinical practice … pretty much makes the study irrelevant. Next.
     
  4. pod29

    pod29 Active Member

    Craig that Seems a very dismissive comment and borders on the line of cherry picking.

    I’d be interested in your rationale, especially pertaining to “dosing”. To my knowledge, there is no published evidence to support the effectiveness of dosing in foot orthoses. At this time this is merely a theoretical concept. I find it very intriguing that you might use this as a grounds to dismiss this study.

    Kind regards

    Luke

    Luke Kelly, PhD
     
  5. efuller

    efuller MVP

    Below is from the abstract of the article.
    The Immediate Effect of Foot Orthoses on Subtalar Joint Mechanics and Energetics
    MAHARAJ, JAYISHNI N.; CRESSWELL, ANDREW G.; LICHTWARK, GLEN A.
    Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise: July 2018 - Volume 50 - Issue 7 - p



    Statistical parametric mapping was used to identify time periods across the stride cycle during which footwear with foot orthoses significantly differed to barefoot and footwear only.

    Results During early stance, footwear alone and footwear with orthoses significantly reduced TP muscle activation (1%–12%), supination moments (3%–21%), and energy absorption (5%–12%) at the STJ, but had no effect on STJ pronation displacement.

    Conclusions The changes in TP muscle activation and STJ energy absorption were primarily attributed to footwear because the addition of foot orthoses provided little additional effect. We speculate that these results are most likely a result of the compliant material properties of footwear. These results suggest that athletic footwear may be sufficient to absorb energy in the frontal plane and potentially reducing any benefit associated with the addition of foot orthoses.


    It is not very clear from the abstract exactly what the results were. One reading of this is that there was 1% difference between shoes and barefoot and 12% difference in PT muscle activation with shoes and orthosis.

    Does anyone have a copy of the full paper?


     
  6. Petcu Daniel

    Petcu Daniel Well-Known Member

    Check your email, please!
     
  7. scotfoot

    scotfoot Well-Known Member

    Hi Luke ,
    First of all , belated congratulations on your excellent Phd work .

    You recently contributed to a paper titled "Influence of the windlass mechanism on arch-spring mechanics during dynamic foot arch deformation "
    The experiments were designed around toe off but a substantial part of the paper actually talks about initial weight acceptance phase of gait and the effects that footwear might have on preventing toe dorsiflexion .

    This aspect of gait was first described by me in a thread titled "Windlass mechanism 28 Feb 2018" .

    The thread is substantial and contains graffic descriptions , analogies and even a thought experiment and as such goes well beyond the expression of an undeveloped idea .

    Could I ask why the thread was not referenced by you and your co workers when your paper was published .

    I look forward to your reply ,
    Regards
    Gerry

    Influence of the windlass mechanism on arch-spring mechanics during ...


    rsif.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/15/145/20180270
     
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