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Leg strength in runners over 50 yrs declines significantly

Discussion in 'Biomechanics, Sports and Foot orthoses' started by NewsBot, Sep 24, 2013.

  1. NewsBot

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    Articles:
    1
    Power of lower extremities is most important determinant of agility among physically inactive or active adult people
    Sirpa Manderoos Mariitta Vaara Sirkka‐Liisa Karppi Sirkka Aunola Pauli Puukka Jukka Surakka Esko Mälkiä
    Physiotherapy Research International
     
  2. NewsBot

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    1
    Neither total muscle activation nor co-activation explains the youthful walking economy of older runners
    Owen N. Beck et al
    Gait and Posture; Article in Press
     
  3. NewsBot

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    Articles:
    1
    Influence of Aging on Lower Extremity Sagittal Plane Variability During 5 Essential Sub-phases of Stance in Male Recreational Runners
    Jacqueline Morgan et al
    Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 2018 Volume:0 Issue:0 Pages:1–29 DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2019.8419
     
  4. NewsBot

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    Articles:
    1
    The Physiology and Biomechanics of the Master Runner
    Willy, Richard W., PT, PhD; Paquette, Max R., PhD
    Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review: March 2019 - Volume 27 - Issue 1 - p 15–21
     
  5. NewsBot

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    Inter-joint coordination patterns differ between younger and older runners
    KathrynHarrisonaYong UngKwonbAdamSimacBhushanThakkaraGregoryCrosswellaJacquelineMorganaD.S.Blaise WilliamsIIId
    Human Movement Science; Volume 64, April 2019, Pages 164-170
     
  6. NewsBot

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    Articles:
    1
    Effect of aging on muscle and tendon properties in highly functioning elderly people
    Birgit Pötzelsberger Alexander Kösters Thomas Finkenzeller Erich Müller
    Scan J SM
     
  7. NewsBot

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    Articles:
    1
    Lower limb tri-joint synchrony during running gait: A longitudinal age-based study
    CeriDissaDomenicoVicinanzabLeeSmithcGenevieve K.R.Williamsd
    Human Movement Science; August 2019, Pages 301-309
     
  8. NewsBot

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    Articles:
    1
    Ankle kinetics and plantarflexor morphology in older runners with different lifetime running exposures
    Ramzi M.MajajDouglas W.PowellLawrence W.WeissMax R.Paquette
    Human Movement Science
     
  9. NewsBot

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    1
    Age-related decrease in performance of male masters athletes in sprint, sprint–endurance, and endurance events
    Samuel da Silva Aguiar, Caio V. Sousa, Marcelo M. Sales, Higor G. Sousa, Patrick A. Santos, Lucas D. Barbosa, Patrício L. Leite, Thiago S. Rosa, Fábio Y. Nakamura, Marko T. Korhonen & Herbert G. Simões
    Sport Sciences for Health volume 16, pages385–392(2020)
     
  10. NewsBot

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    NEWS RELEASE 9-SEP-2020
    Muscle aging: Stronger for longer

    With life expectancy increasing, age-related diseases are also on the rise, including sarcopenia, the loss of muscle mass due to aging. Researchers from the University of Basel's Biozentrum have demonstrated that a well-known drug can delay the progression of age-related muscle weakness.

    Already in our best years, our muscles begin to shrink and their strength dwindles. Unfortunately, this is a natural part of aging. For some people, the decline in muscle mass and function is excessive. This condition, called sarcopenia, affects every second or third person over 80, reducing mobility, autonomy and quality of life.

    The causes of sarcopenia are diverse, ranging from altered muscle metabolism to changes in the nerves supplying muscles. Researchers led by Professor Markus Rüegg have now discovered that mTORC1 also contributes to sarcopenia and its suppression with the well-known drug rapamycin slows age-related muscle wasting.

    Rapamycin preserves muscle function
    "Contrary to our expectations, the long-term mTORC1 suppression with rapamycin is overwhelmingly beneficial for skeletal muscle aging in mice, preserving muscle size and strength," says Daniel Ham, first author of the study. "Neuromuscular junctions, the sites where neurons contact muscle fibers to control their contraction, deteriorate during aging. Stable neuromuscular junctions are paramount to maintaining healthy muscles during aging and rapamycin effectively stabilizes them." The researchers also demonstrate that permanently activating mTORC1 in skeletal muscle accelerates muscle aging.

    Molecular signature of sarcopenia
    In collaboration with Professor Mihaela Zavolan's team, the scientists identified a molecular ?signature? of sarcopenia, with mTORC1 as the key player. To help the scientific community further investigate how gene expression in skeletal muscle changes during aging or in response to rapamycin treatment, they developed the user-friendly web application, SarcoAtlas, which is supported by sciCORE, the Center for Scientific Computing at the University of Basel.

    There is currently no effective pharmacological therapy to treat sarcopenia. This study provides hope that it may be possible to slow down age-related muscle wasting with treatments that suppress mTORC1 and thereby extend the autonomy and life quality of elderly people.
     
  11. NewsBot

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    Age-related differences in gastrocnemii muscles and Achilles tendon mechanical properties in vivo☆
    IndiaLindemann et al
    Journal of Biomechanics 28 September 2020, 110067
     
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    1
    Absence of an aging‐related increase in fiber type grouping in athletes and non‐athletes
    Guy A. M. Messa Mathew Piasecki Jörn Rittweger Jamie S. McPhee Erika Koltai Zsolt Radak Bostjan Simunic Ari Heinonen Harri Suominen Marko T. Korhonen Hans Degens
    24 July 2020
     
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    Age and Training Volume Influence Joint Kinetics During Running
    Max R. Paquette Douglas W. Powell Paul DeVita
    20 October 2020
     
  14. NewsBot

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    Longitudinal trends in master track and field performance throughout the aging process: 83,209 results from Sweden in 16 athletics disciplines
    Bergita Ganse, Anthony Kleerekoper, Matthias Knobe, Frank Hildebrand & Hans Degens
    GeroScience (2020)
     
  15. NewsBot

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    Press Release:
    New research identifies biological causes of muscle weakness in later life
    A new largescale genetic analysis has found biological mechanisms that contribute to making people more susceptible to muscle weakness in later life, finding that diseases such as osteoarthritis and diabetes may play a large role in susceptibility.

    As we get older we lose muscle strength, and in some people this severe weakness impacts their ability to live everyday lives, a condition called sarcopenia. Around 10 per cent of people over 50 experience sarcopenia. Many causes thought to impact likelihood of developing this weakness, which is linked to higher death rates.

    In a genetic analysis of over 250,000 people aged over 60 from UK Biobank and 21 other cohorts, an international team led by researchers at the University of Exeter looked at handgrip strength, using thresholds of loss of muscle function derived from international definitions of sarcopenia.

    The team, including collaborators from the USA and the Netherlands, then conducted a genetic analysis, and found specific biological mechanisms push some people towards sarcopenia, whilst protecting others. The study, published in Nature Communications identified 15 areas of the genome, or loci, associated with muscle weakness, including 12 loci not implicated in previous analyses of continuous measures of grip strength.

    Biomarkers in the blood including red blood cells and inflammation may also share causal pathways with sarcopenia. Together, these results highlight specific areas for intervention or for identifying those at most risk.

    Lead author Garan Jones said: “The strongest associations we found were close to regions of the genome regulating the immune system, and growth and development of the musclo-skeletal system. However we also discovered associations with regions not previously known to be linked to musclo-skeletal traits.

    “We found that our analysis of muscle weakness in older people shared common genetic pathways with metabolic diseases such as type-2 diabetes, and auto-immune conditions such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. In subgroups of people with increased risk of these conditions, sarcopenia may be a key outcome to look out for and prevent.

    “We hope that by understanding the genetic contributions to muscle weakness with age, we will be able to highlight possible therapeutic interventions earlier in life, which would lead to a happier and healthier old age.”

    The full paper is entitled “Genome-wide meta-analysis of muscle weakness identifies 15 susceptibility loci in older men and women” (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-20918-w)
     
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    NEWS RELEASE 3-JUN-2021
    High-intensity strength and impact training attenuates skeletal aging
    The tibial bone properties of middle-aged and older male sprint athletes were followed over 10 years

    Regular strength and impact-type training may decrease or even prevent age-related bone deterioration in men, new research at the University of Jyväskylä, Finland, shows. The tibial bone properties of middle-aged and older male sprint athletes were followed over 10 years. The study presents novel findings on maintaining the adaptability of the aging skeleton and on the importance of regular intensive training for maintaining bone health.

    "Part of the age-related bone loss is probably explained by reduced levels of physical activity. Especially intensive, bone-loading exercise typically decreases with age," says Tuuli Suominen, a doctoral researcher at the Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences at the University of Jyväskylä.

    High-intensity strength, sprint and jumping training have beneficial effects on bone even in old age. However, the ability of such training to prevent or decrease age-related bone deterioration remains unclear, as no longitudinal studies have been conducted on the topic thus far.

    Associations of regular strength and sprint training with bone aging were examined in a larger research program by the Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences at the University of Jyväskylä, Finland. A total of 69 men aged 40 to 85 years participated in the follow-up part of the study. At the beginning of the follow-up, all the men were training and competing actively.

    Tibial bone properties of the participants were examined by computed tomography at baseline and after 10 years. The associations of the training status with the longitudinal changes in bone were examined in two groups: in athletes who had continued regular strength and sprint training and in athletes who had reduced their training load.

    The study showed that regular strength and sprint training was associated with maintained or even improved tibial bone properties while in those athletes who had reduced their training load the bone properties declined over the 10-year follow-up period. The positive effects of the training were most evident in trabecular bone density and in cross-sectional geometry of the tibial shaft, which supports the benefits of both impact-type training and strength training.

    "Although the intensive training of the athletes as such is not possible for all aging people, strength and power training is highly recommended at all ages, regardless of the functional status," Suominen says. "In the present study, the benefits of high-impact training were most evident among middle-aged while strength training may be effective in preserving bone in older populations. Muscle strength and power are highly important also in preventing falls and related fractures."
     
  17. NewsBot

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    Articles:
    1
    Differences in Physical Characteristics of the Lower Extremity
    and Running Biomechanics Between Different Age Groups

    Jongbin Kim et al
    Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 4320.
     
  18. NewsBot

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    Articles:
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    Older runners run with greater vertical stiffness and distinct lower limb inter-joint coordination than younger runners
    Thiago Ribeiro Teles Santos et al
    Journal of Biomechanics; 28 June 2023, 111705
     
  19. NewsBot

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    Articles:
    1
    Changes in running biomechanics in master runners over age 50: a systematic review
    Matthew Klein &Chris Patterson
    Sports Biomechanics: 23 Jun 2023
     
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